DEVELOPMENT AND GENETIC CONTROL OF HISTOINCOMPATIBILITY IN SCLERACTINIAN CORALS.

研究了来自不同珊瑚群落的初级珊瑚虫或幼小珊瑚虫之间的接触反应。来自同一群体的珊瑚虫相互融合。来自不同菌落的息肉表现为融合、不融合或不相容融合。在未融合对中，组织不连续，在界面处形成骨脊。在不相容融合中，配对息肉的组织呈连续性，但在息肉的界面处观察到一个没有虫黄藻的白色区。位于白区附近的新形成的息肉有时会随着白区变宽而消失或部分被吸收。用扫描电镜观察息肉的骨架时，骨架是连续的，但在界面处观察到两侧有骨棘的凹槽。大多数不相容融合的息肉在2 - 8个月后被未融合成对的骨脊或没有活组织的狭窄骨骼区分开。不相容融合可能是一种组织不相容反应，后来可能转变为不融合反应。从束状星系的不同菌落中分离出来的珊瑚虫相互接触。从不同颜色的菌落中分离出来的珊瑚虫一般不会相互融合。而在其中一个组合（Gt-Gs）中，组织呈现连续性，但在界面处观察到没有或只有少量虫黄藻的白色区。为了研究由属于不同颜色形态的息肉融合产生的嵌合菌落的遗传性质，我试图检查嵌合菌落成分的同工酶模式。18种酶被染色，但只有8种酶产生可解释的条带。由于嵌合体菌落的成分显示相同的酶谱，我无法分析嵌合体的遗传性质。

Contact responses between primary polyps or young colonies derived from different colonies of the coral Pocillopora damicornis were examined. Polyps from the same colonies fused with each other. Polyps from different colonies showed either fusion, nonfusion, or incompatible fusion. In non-fused pairs, tissue was discontinuous and a skeletal ridge was formed at the interface. In incompatible fusion, tissues of the paired polyps appeared continuous but a white zone without zooxanthellae was observed at the interface of the polyps. Newly formed polyps located near the white zone sometimes disappeared or were partially resorbed as the white zone widened. When the skeleton of the polyps was observed with a SEM, the skeleton was continuous but a groove with skeletal spines on both sides was observed at the interface. Most of the polyps which showed incompatible fusion became separated by a skeletal ridge as in non-fused pairs or by a narrow zone of skeleton without living tissue after 2 - 8 months. The incompatible fusion might be a histoincompatible response which may later transform into nonfusion response.Polyps isolated from different colonies of Galaxa fascicularis were brought into contact. Polyps isolated from colonies belonging to different color morphs generally did not fuse with each other. However, in one combination (Gt-Gs), Tissue appeared continuous but a white zone with no or only a few zooxanthellae was observed at the interface. To examine genetic nature of the chimeric colonies produced by fusion of polyps belonging to different coloe morphs, I attempted to examine the allozyme pattern of constituents of the chimeric colonies. Eighteen enzymes were stained but only 8 enzymes produced interpretable bands. Since constituents of the chimeric colonies displayd the same zymographs, I could not analyze the genetic nature of the chimeras.