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Several Aspects of Pyrrhonian Skepticism in Sextus Empiricus

《塞克斯图斯·经验》中皮浪怀疑论的几个方面

基本信息

批准号：
05801001
负责人：
KANAYAMA Yasuhira
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I could obtain the following results through my research from 1993 to 1995.1.The attitude of Pyrrhonian skeptics to value reason and rationality in their search for truth does not conflict with their doubt on the existence of reason. They admit reason in the sense that they actually employ what is generally called reason in their philosophical investigation, while they disapprove the commitment of dogmatists to unclear things in theorizing about reason. Thus we can see here one of the central tenets of ancient skepticism, i.e., the distinction between the standard of truth and the standard of action.2.Although they regard happiness in the form of tranquility as their end, this does not constitute dogma on their part, because the supposition concerning tranquility is one of those suppositions that are acceptable in their daily life, and when it is put to the test of skeptical doubt, it turns out that it is nothing but an appearance.3.Although some appearances they sanction include some element of belief from the view point of today's epistemology, they are completely free from belief element as far as Pyrrhonian standopint is concerned.4.In spite of some testimony that seems to suggest that in advocating skepticism Pyrrho started from some dogma on the world, I don't think it is right to place too much emphasis on the difference of later Pyrrhonism from Pyrrho's philosophy. In my view Pyrrho didn't have any dogma, and there is much more in common between Pyrrho's skepticism and later Pyrrhonism than has been usually recognized.5.I have made a Japanese version of the collection of ancient testimonies on Pyrrho.

通过我1993 - 1995年的研究，可以得出以下结论：1.皮洛士怀疑论者在追求真理的过程中重视理性和理性的态度，与他们对理性存在的怀疑并不冲突。他们承认理性，因为他们在哲学研究中实际上使用了通常称为理性的东西，而他们不赞成教条主义者在理论化理性时对不明确的东西的承诺。因此，我们可以在这里看到古代怀疑论的核心原则之一，即，真理标准和行动标准的区别。2.虽然他们把以宁静形式出现的幸福看作是他们的目的，但这并不构成他们的教条，因为关于宁静的假设是他们日常生活中可以接受的假设之一，当它受到怀疑论怀疑的考验时，事实证明，这不过是一种表象。3.尽管他们认可的某些表象从今天的认识论观点来看包含了某种信仰因素，就皮浪的立场而言，它们完全没有信仰因素。4.尽管有些证据似乎表明，皮浪在提倡怀疑论时，从世界上的一些教条来看，我认为过分强调后来的皮洛士主义与皮洛士哲学的区别是不对的。在我看来，皮浪没有任何教条，而且皮浪的怀疑主义和后来的皮浪主义之间的共同之处比人们通常认识到的要多得多。