Direct Conversion of Chemical Energy into Macroscopic Mechanical Energy by Use of Nonlinear Dynamics

利用非线性动力学将化学能直接转化为宏观机械能

• 批准号: 05836014
• 负责人: YOSHIKAWA Kenichi
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05836014/
• 关键词: Self-oscillation; BZ Reaction; Active Transport; Artificial Muscle; Nonlinear; Nonequilibrium; Interfacial tension; Chemo-Mechanical Coupling; エネルギー直接変換系; 非線形現象; ケモメカニカル; 化学振動; 界面張力振動; 化学モーター; マランゴニ効果

Living organisms convert chemical energy directly into site-directed mechanical energy. On the other hand, the modern technology on "chemical engine" picks up the mechanical energy from chemical energy through the generation of heat. The aim of the present research is to realize the direct energy conversion from chemical energy into site-directed mechanical motion. During the research of the past two years in this project, we have succeeded in constructing the following two different experimental systems, being capable of the direct energy conversion.1. Self-movement of an oil-water system induced by chemically-driven Marangoni instability is studied. Depending on the shape of the vessel and amount of oil and water solutions, various modes of movement are generated, such as random, rotational and amoeba-like motions. The most significant finding in this system is the realization of spatially directed mechanical movement. The mechanism of such chemomechanical transduction is discussed in relation to the temporal imbalance of the interfacial tension due to the nonlinear oscillation at the interface.2. We have found that a periodic change of the surface tension is generated at air/water interface, when the water phase is Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) medium. It has been shown that the difference of the surface activity of the iron-catalyst between [Fe (phen)_3]^<3+> and [Fe (phen)_3]^<2+> is the driving force of this rhythmic phenomenon. We also discovered a rhythmic phenomenon for an oil/water system, where the oil phase contains an ester and the water phase is an alkaline solution. These results indicate a new field of research toward the realization of chemo-mechanical coupling based on the idea of nonlinear dynamics.

生物将化学能直接转化为定点定向的机械能。另一方面，“化学发动机”的现代技术通过产生热量从化学能中获取机械能。本研究的目的是实现从化学能到定点机械运动的直接能量转换。在过去两年的研究中，我们成功地构建了以下两个不同的实验系统，能够进行直接能量转换。研究了由化学驱动的Marangoni不稳定性引起的油水体系的自运动。根据容器的形状以及油和水溶液的量，会产生各种运动模式，如随机运动、旋转运动和变形虫运动。该系统最重要的发现是实现了空间定向的机械运动。这种化学-机械传递的机制与界面上的非线性振荡引起的界面张力的时间不平衡有关。我们发现，当水相为Belousov-Zhabotinsky(BZ)介质时，在气/水界面产生了表面张力的周期性变化。[Fe(Phen)_3]和[Fe(Phen)_3]和[Fe(Phen)_3]~(2+)和[Fe(Phen)_3]和[Fe(Phen)_3]~(2+)的表面活性差异是这种节律现象的驱动力。我们还发现了油/水体系的节律现象，其中油相含有酯，而水相是碱性溶液。这些结果为基于非线性动力学思想实现化学-机械耦合开辟了一个新的研究领域。

项目成果

吉川研一: "非線形非平衡のダイナミクス" 日経サイエンス. 7. 22-31 (1993)

Kenichi Yoshikawa：“非线性非平衡动力学”《日经科学》7. 22-31 (1993)。

K.Yoshikawa: "Rhythms and Bifurcation in Membranes and Interface" (Eds.),Physics of the Living State,pp.45-55 (1994)

K.Yoshikawa：“膜和界面的节奏和分岔”（编辑），生命状态物理学，第 45-55 页（1994 年）

K.Yoshikawa, T.Kusumi, M.Ukitsu, and S.Nakata: ""Generation of periodic force with oscillating chemical reaction."" Chem.Phys.Lett.211. 211-213 (1993)

K.Yoshikawa、T.Kusumi、M.Ukitsu 和 S.Nakata：“通过振荡化学反应产生周期性力。”Chem.Phys.Lett.211。

北原和夫,田中豊一編: "生命現象と物理学" 朝倉書店, 160 (1994)

北原一夫、田中丰一（编）：《生命现象与物理学》朝仓书店，160（1994）

M.Yoshimoto, K.Yoshikawa, and Y.Mori: ""Coupling among Three Chemical Oscillators : Synchronization, Phase-Death and Frustration."" Phys.Rev.E.47. 864-874 (1993)

M.Yoshimoto、K.Yoshikawa 和 Y.Mori：“三种化学振荡器之间的耦合：同步、相死亡和挫败。”Phys.Rev.E.47。