A developmental study on affect attunement : In aspect of internal relationship of emotionality of grandmother, mothers and children.

实验1这项研究考察了外祖母的建议和父亲的建议在母亲管教孩子方面是否有不同的作用。研究结果表明：1)当顾问是外祖母时，母亲修改了自己的决定，但当建议是由外祖母给出时，母亲没有改变自己的决定；2)无论她是父亲还是外祖母，祖母对被操控母亲的决定的建议数量是一致的。实验2本实验的对象是两代家庭的孩子和三代家庭的孩子。我们研究了听到婴幼儿哭声和笑声录音的儿童的反应。我们让所有的孩子听所有4种类型的录音。一个结果是，三代家庭中的女孩在听到录制的哭声时，会做出试图安慰或安抚她们的反应。相比之下，两代人家庭中的女孩受试者没有表现出这样的反应。

Experiment 1 This study examined if the maternal grandmother's advice works differently from the paternal's advice on the mother's disciplining of the child. The results suggest that 1) the mother modified her decision when the adviser was the paternal grandmother, but she did not when the advice was given by the maternal grandmother, and 2) the grandmother conformed the amount of her advice toward the manipulated mother's decision, regardless of her being paternal or maternal grandmother.Experiment 2 The subjects of this experiment were children in two-generation families and children in three-generation families. We studied the reaction of children who heard the recorded voices of the cries and laughter of infants and young children. We had all children listen to all 4 types of recorded voices. One result was that the girl subjects in three-generation families, when hearing the recorded cries, reacted by trying to console or pacify them. The girl subjects in two-generation families, by contrast, showed no such reactions.