Ausbildung kortikaler Repräsentationen, die der langfristigen perzeptuellen Bahnung (Priming) zugrunde liegen: Die Rolle von Verarbeitungseffizienz, Aufmerksamkeit, neuronaler Selektivität und Markmalsverlust

启动是一种重要的、有时是无意识的长期记忆功能，通过暴露在刺激中，可以改善未来对该刺激的认知处理。视觉知觉启动伴随着腹侧视流在重复(提取)时神经反应的降低，这被认为反映了(1)神经处理效率的提高，或(2)神经反应的锐化，或(3)神经特征编码的丧失。与直觉相反的是，启动现在也与初始暴露(编码)时腹侧视觉流中的神经反应减少联系在一起，这表明(4)启动可能存在不同的神经机制--与编码和提取相关的神经反应下降，以及(5)编码时自上而下的注意因素可能在启动的神经基础中发挥重要作用。提出了四个实验，通过在编码和提取时使用大脑活动的多模式测量(fMRI、MEG、EEG)来明确操纵学习刺激和测试刺激之间的认知加工效率、注意力和知觉特征匹配，来研究启动的神经基础的这五个假设。

Priming is an important, sometimes nonconscious, long-term memory function, by which exposure to a stimulus improves the future cognitive processing of that stimulus. Visual perceptual priming is accompanied by decreased neural responses in the ventral visual stream on repetition (retrieval) that have been hypothesized to reflect (1) increased neural processing efficiency, or (2) sharpened neural responding, or (3) loss of neural feature coding. Counterintuitively, priming has now also been linked with neural response decreases in the ventral visual stream on initial exposure (encoding), suggesting (4) that different neural mechanisms may underlie priming-related neural response decreases at encoding and at retrieval, and (5) that top-down attentional factors at encoding may play an important role in the neural basis of priming. Four experiments are proposed that investigate these five hypotheses regarding the neural basis of priming, by explicitly manipulating cognitive processing efficiency, attention, and perceptual feature match between study and test stimuli, using multi-modal measurements of brain activity (fMRI, MEG, EEG) at both encoding and retrieval.