Research and Development of Teaching Modules to Foster Learners' Scientific Sensibility in School Science (Chemistry class) at the Lower Secondary Schools

本研究的目的是开发教学模块，以提高学习者的科学敏感性，使他们更容易理解化学和化学的意义，并获得高度的解决问题的能力。通过各种分析，得出了以下结论。研究人员在个人计算机上构建了科学教科书数据库。用它考察了教科书中化学概念与日常生活中自然现象的关系。并对教材的范围和顺序进行了比较。据调查，日本的科学教科书中所描述的化学概念非常相似，但美国和英国的化学教科书却截然不同。分析了科学教师撰写的许多教学计划和学校实践报告。结果表明，绝大多数学校科学教学符合教育部《学校科学指导方针》。调查了科学教师和学生如何掌握学习化学的价值和优点，以及他们在教学或学习化学的过程中记忆了哪些印象深刻的场景。许多老师指出化学本身的本质，以及儿童周围各种环境的重要性。学生们的回答结果将按顺序排列，稍后将予以报告。本研究提出了初中化学教学的几个模块。其他的正在进行中，并将在明年公布。

The purpose of this study is to develop teaching modules to enhance learners' scientific sensibility and to make them easier to understand the significance of chemistry and chemistry, and to acquire highly problem-solving ability. The following findings have been obtained obtained by means of the various analyzes.1. Researchers have constructed science-textbooks-database on the personal computer. Using it, the relationship of chemical concepts used in textbooks with natural phenomena in the daily life were examined among them. Scopes and sequences of teaching materials in textbooks were also compared. It was found that chemical concepts described in science textbooks in Japan are quite similar each other, but ones in U.S.A.and U.K.are not.2. Many plans for teaching and practical reports in schools written by science teachers were analyzed. It was found that most of them were in conformity to the Guideline for School Science shown by the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture.3. It was surveyed how science teachers and pupils grasp the value and merit to learn chemistry and what kind of impressionable scenes they remember in the process of teaching or learning chemistry. Many teachers pointed out the importance of the nature of chemistry itself, and of the various environments surrounding children. The results of pupils' responses are put in order, and they will be reported later.4. Several modules for teaching chemistry at the lower secondary school have been proposed in this study. Other ones are in progress, and they will be presented in the following year.