Coordination Funds

该研究小组探索了作为人类实践的驱动力和作为过去和现在的社会和政治秩序的运作方式的意志主义。我们研究小组的一个主要假设是，自愿性具有一种反逻辑结构：作为一种自由行为，它还取决于支持、期望甚至要求某些类型的行为的多个条件。在此背景下，9个次级项目审查：(A)自愿作为规范，(B)自愿作为政治参与和经济剥削的资源，以及(C)自愿作为自由-民主模式和政治合法化的论述战略，毕竟，这给个人留下的回旋余地很小。对自愿性的实证探索加深了我们对人类行为者的历史和政治意义以及他们参与政治和社会的条件的理解。我们的研究兴趣是受到新自由主义社会中自愿性的当前意义的启发。通过哲学和社会学的子项目探索自愿性在当代灵活资本主义中作为政治参与和经济收益的资源的力量，其他项目则发展了自愿性的历史谱系。在这里，自18世纪末革命时代以来自由民主公民和主体的塑造具有至关重要的意义。这种自由民主的自我意味着要过一种基于自愿参与和对自己和未来的前瞻性投资的自主生活。我们追随着这种形式的生活的痕迹，超越了现代社会的历史，甚至追溯到古代雅典的历史。然而，我们也在几个方面将民主、自由主义和自愿的这种关系“地方化”(D.Chakrabarty)，在中世纪的殉难中要求宗教驱动的自愿，自愿参加现代独裁，以及自愿、非殖民化和全球移民和遣返政治的关系。因此，我们的跨学科研究小组主要由历史学家组成，中心子项目也在政治社会学和实践哲学领域。我们的分析视角受到政治和政府研究的文化史的启发。我们试图理解自愿性和自愿性做法嵌入到一个话语、政治范例和概念以及主体形成模式的网络中，所有这些都有助于融合不同类型的外部行为和自我行为。基于我们的跨学科和实证性工作，我们还将促进关于治理的概念性辩论和政治和社会的文化史，并加深对主体和社会如何通过自愿治理的理解。

The research group explores voluntarism as a driving force of human practices and as modus operandi of social and political order in the past and present. A leading assumption of our research group is that voluntariness has an antinomic structure: exercised as an act of freedom, it also depends on multiple conditions that endorse, expect, and even demand certain types of behavior. Against this backdrop, nine subprojects examine (a) voluntariness as norm, (b) voluntariness as resource of both political participation and economic exploitation, and (c) voluntariness as discursive strategy for a liberal-democratic legitimation of patterns and politics, which, after all, leave only little room to manoeuver to the individuals. Empirical explorations of voluntariness sharpen our understanding of the historical and political significance of human actors and the conditions of their political and social participation.Our research interest is inspired by the current significance of voluntariness in neoliberal societies. With philosophical and sociological subprojects explore the power of voluntariness as resource for political participation and economic yield in contemporary flexible capitalism, others develop historical genealogies of voluntariness. Here, the shaping of the liberal democratic citizen and subject since the age of revolution in the late 18th century is of crucial significance. This liberal and democratic self was meant to lead an autonomous life based on voluntary engagement and foresighted investment in themselves and their future. We follow the traces of this form of life beyond the history of modern societies as far back in time as to the history of ancient Athens. Yet we also “provincialize” (D. Chakrabarty) this nexus of democracy, liberalism and voluntariness in several respects, by asking for religiously driven voluntariness in medieval martyrdom, for voluntary participation in modern dictatorships, as well as for the relation of voluntariness, decolonization, and the global politics of migration and repatriation. Accordingly, our interdisciplinary research group consists of mostly historians, with central subprojects also in the fields of political sociology and practical philosophy.Our analytical perspective is inspired by the cultural history of the political and by governmentality studies. We seek to understand voluntariness and voluntary practices as embedded in a network of discourses, of political paradigms and concepts, and of modes of subject formation, all contributing to an amalgamation of different types of external conduct and self-conduct. Based on our interdisciplinary and empirical work, we will also contribute to the conceptual debate on governmentality and the cultural history of the political and sharpen the understanding of how subjects and societies are governed through voluntariness.