Determinants of performance benefits in multiple action control

多动作控制中性能优势的决定因素

• 批准号: 445939653
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Lynn Huestegge
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Psychologie III
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/445939653?language=en
• 关键词: Determinants; performance; benefits; multiple; action

Task conditions requiring two actions usually imply worse performance (in terms of increased response times or errors) than task conditions requiring only one action (i.e., dual-action costs). However, multiple action requirements today are clearly a fact of modern society since they occur in almost all types of (work and leisure) situations and can hardly be avoided. Thus, the major focus of current research in cognitive sciences, namely pointing out functional and/or structural limitations and detrimental consequences of multiple action control, urgently needs to be complemented by a more positive approach. Specifically, it seems vital to understand how to cope optimally with these situations and to uncover potential benefits of multiple action control. Surprisingly, all major theoretical frameworks of multiple action control were basically designed to explain performance costs. It is the aim of the present proposal to shed more light on underlying factors that may turn performance costs into benefits in the context of multiple action control.A second major characteristic of the proposal is a focus on eye movements in the context of multiple action control. While nearly all real-life activities involving multiple action control require an efficient regulation of eye movements, surprisingly little research has been devoted to focus on this issue. Data from our lab (Huestegge & Koch, 2014, Acta Psychologica) demonstrated that eye movements are especially suited to address the issue of dual-action benefits by means of offering the possibility to meticulously manipulate the automaticity of an action (here: the saccade) in the context of other simultaneous action demands. This work suggested that one crucial factor determining the outcome of either costs or benefits is the amount of inhibition needed to suppress specific actions. Further data showed that these mechanisms can be generalized to other action control domains, that is, the phenomenon is not restricted to eye movements. A goal of this project is to closely examine potential determinants of multiple action benefits in order to advance theorizing on cognitive mechanisms underlying multiple action control.

需要两项操作的任务条件通常意味着比仅需要一项操作的任务条件（即双重成本）更差的绩效（在响应时间增加或错误方面）。但是，当今的多种行动要求显然是现代社会的事实，因为它们在几乎所有类型的（工作和休闲）情况下发生，几乎无法避免。因此，当前的认知科学研究的主要重点是指出多重动作控制的功能和/或结构性局限性以及有害后果，需要用更积极的方法来补充。具体而言，了解如何最佳地应对这些情况并发现多重行动控制的潜在益处似乎至关重要。出人意料的是，多个动作控制的所有主要理论框架基本上都是为了解释绩效成本。本提案的目的是更多地阐明可能在多个行动控制的背景下将绩效成本转化为收益的基本因素。该提案的第二个主要特征是在多个动作控制的背景下关注眼动。尽管几乎所有涉及多个动作控制的现实生活活动都需要对眼睛运动进行有效的调节，但令人惊讶的是，很少有研究专注于这个问题。我们实验室的数据（Huestegge＆Koch，2014年，Acta Psychologica）表明，通过提供其他同时行动需求的情况下，通过提供精心操纵动作自动化（这里：扫视）的可能性，特别适合于解决双重动作益处的问题。这项工作表明，确定成本或收益结果的一个关键因素是抑制特定行动所需的抑制量。进一步的数据表明，这些机制可以推广到其他动作控制域，也就是说，这种现象不仅限于眼动。该项目的一个目的是仔细检查多个行动益处的潜在决定因素，以提高多个行动控制基础的认知机制的理论。