Feedback-based gaze control in social and non-social information processing contexts

社交和非社交信息处理环境中基于反馈的凝视控制

基本信息

批准号：
313709549
负责人：
Professor Dr. Lynn Huestegge
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Psychologie III
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/313709549?language=en
关键词：
Feedback based gaze control social

项目摘要

Efficient gaze control necessarily involves the anticipation of effects (i.e., feedback signals) associated with eye movements. The underlying feedback loops are essential to understand gaze control on several levels, which can be classified with respect to different goals. These goals, which guide our gaze by means of anticipating feedback signals, include cognitive perceptual-informational goals (e.g., optimizing information uptake by ensuring visual stability and optimizing relevant target object processing through foveation), affectrelated goals (whether new information uptake is rewarding or not), but also social goals (e.g., looking around to evaluate and control a social situation). Thus, similar to other action domains, the same action (i.e., an eye movement) can have consequences in different domains of interpretation. While theories on eye movement control are well aware of the relevance of feedback-processing loops regarding perceptual goals (e.g., visual stability), feedback from the environment has yet never been considered. Beside human-computer interfaces utilizing gaze control techniques (e.g., gaze-based menu navigation in modern smartphones), an area in which gaze behavior regularly produces feedback is social interaction, where gaze can be used to control the social environment (e.g., I might gaze at others to have them look back). In this way, a social context is especially suited to study feedback-based control of eye movements. In a preliminary study, we demonstrated that anticipated feedback signals (i.e., geometrical shapes), which occurred contingent upon two distinct eye movements (to the left/right), had a significant impact on gaze control. In the present work program, we would like to further study the underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon. While the preliminary study only involved non-social stimuli, we here additionally transfer the core idea to the processing of social stimuli (faces with salient gaze). Specifically, participants´ eye movements (in social conditions) result in the perception of faces which either display direct or averted gaze. Within four subsections, we study a) the impact of exogenously vs. endogenously triggered goals, b) constraints related to the process of acquiring contingencies between gaze behavior and feedback signals (e.g., by manipulating contingency and contiguity), c) underlying neural signatures of feedback signal processing in oculomotor control, d) potential interactions between (affective and social) control levels, and e) interactions between stimulus dimensions in the feedback loop. The work program is embedded in the research unit by referring to the same multi-level framework of feedback-based action control and by studying the same basic feedback principles. However, a core difference to other projects is the focus on oculomotor control, which has long been regarded as a window to input-related attention processes only, and not as an action modality in its own right.

有效的凝视控制必然涉及与眼动相关的效果（即反馈信号）的预期。基本的反馈回路对于了解几个级别的注视控制至关重要，这可以针对不同的目标进行分类。这些目标是通过预期反馈信号来指导我们的目光，包括认知感知信息目标（例如，通过确保视觉稳定性和通过FoveAtion优化目标对象处理来优化信息的吸收），会影响相关目标（无论是新的信息吸收是奖励还是没有奖励），但是否有社交目标（例如，围绕社交目标，可以评估和控制社交状况）。与其他动作领域相似，相同的动作（即眼动）可以在不同的解释领域产生后果。虽然眼动控制的理论非常了解有关感知目标（例如视觉稳定性）的反馈处理循环的相关性，但从未考虑过来自环境的反馈。除了采用注视控制技术（例如，基于注视的菜单导航中的人类计算机界面）之外，凝视行为经常产生反馈的领域是社交互动，可以使用凝视来控制社交环境（例如，我可能会凝视其他人以使其他人回顾它们）。在这种情况下，社会环境特别适合研究基于反馈的眼睛运动的控制。在一项初步研究中，我们证明了预期的反馈信号（即几何形状），这会导致两种不同的眼睛运动（向左/右）对视线控制产生重大影响。在当前的工作计划中，我们想进一步研究这种现象的基本机制。虽然初步研究仅涉及非社会刺激，但我们在这里还将核心思想转移到了社交刺激的处理中（面部有明显的目光）。具体而言，参与者的眼动（在社会条件下）会导致人们对表现出直接或避免目光的面孔的感知。 Within four subsections, we study a) the impact of exogenously vs. endogenously triggered goals, b) constraints related to the process of acquiring contingencies between gaze behavior and feedback signals (e.g., by manipulating contingency and contiguity), c) underlying neutral signatures of feedback signal processing in oculomotor control, d) potential interactions between (affective and social) control levels, and e) interactions between反馈回路中的刺激尺寸。该工作计划是通过参考基于反馈的动作控制的相同多级框架并研究相同的基本反馈原则来嵌入研究单元中的。但是，与其他项目的核心区别在于关注眼动控制，长期以来，它一直被视为与输入相关的注意过程的窗口，而不是本身就是动作方式。