Archaeological Studies on the Metal Resources and their use in the Mekong Basin

湄公河流域金属资源及其利用的考古研究

• 批准号: 14251016
• 负责人: NITTA Eiji
• 金额: $ 15.81万
• 依托单位: Kagoshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14251016/
• 关键词: Mekong Basin; Iron; Copper; Bronze; Smelting; Lead isotope analysis; ラオス; チャンパサック; 青銅器; 銅鼓; ベトナム; 産地同定; 精錬; 東北タイ; メコン; カンボジア; 国際研究者交流; スナイ遺跡; 金属資源; ラテライト; ウーライト

By our field surveys in Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam and Laos in the Mekong Basin, we conducted archaeological research on the site of metal working and the iron and copper mines to collect the samples and the archaeological information on the metal resources and the use of metal in the area above mentioned from 2002 to 2006. We also made metallurgical analysis of the metal and ore samples.The metallurgical analysis of the iron ax we collected at Snay site, Siem Reap Province, Cambodia showed that it was made from the iron ore mined in Battambon area, west Cambodia.In Thailand, we analyzed the iron slag and the iron ore collected at the iron smelting sites and the iron mines in central and northeast Thailand. We can suppose that they smelted iron from hematite in central Thailand, and from iron nodules in some areas lacking of iron ore nor sand iron in northeast Thailand according to the result of the analysis. On copper and bronze, we carried field surveys at Khao Thap Kwai copper mine and Non Pha Wai copper smelting site in central Thailand, and Phu Lon copper smelting site in northeast Thailand. A lot of samples of copper ore, copper slag and bronze artifacts were collected at the sites of central, north and northeast Thailand. We operated the metallurgical analysis of them. The results of lead isotope analysis of the firstly operated in Southeast Asia, made clear that they smelted copper by using different copper ores from different mines, and that the copper and copper ore from Phu Long in northeast Thailand were used to make the bronze ornaments found at Ban Don Phlong site and the bronze drums found in Sukhotai and Don Tan.In Vietnam and Laos, we collected the samples of molds for casting bronzes, bronze halberds and bronze drums. The Heger 1 type drums we examined I Laos during our survey are the same type as the drums found in Laos and the Mekong Basin. They have big bodies and the tympanons decorated by plural belts of flying birds and birdmen.

2002年至2006年，我们在湄公河流域的柬埔寨、泰国、越南和老挝进行了实地调查，对金属加工遗址和铁铜矿进行了考古研究，收集了上述地区金属资源和金属利用的样品和考古资料。我们还对金属和矿石样品进行了冶金分析。我们在柬埔寨暹粒省Snay遗址收集的铁斧的冶金分析表明，它是由柬埔寨西部Battambon地区开采的铁矿石制成的。在泰国，我们分析了在泰国中部和东北部的炼铁场和铁矿中收集的铁渣和铁矿石。根据分析结果，我们可以假设他们从泰国中部的赤铁矿中冶炼铁，从泰国东北部一些缺乏铁矿石和砂铁的地区的铁结核中冶炼铁。在铜和青铜方面，我们在泰国中部的考塔桂铜矿和Non Pha Wai铜冶炼厂，以及泰国东北部的Phu Lon铜冶炼厂进行了实地调查。在泰国中部、北部和东北部的遗址中收集了大量的铜矿石、铜渣和青铜器样品。我们对它们进行了冶金分析。对东南亚地区首个铜矿进行的铅同位素分析结果表明，他们使用来自不同矿山的不同铜矿石冶炼铜，泰国东北部富隆地区的铜和铜矿用于制作班敦隆遗址的青铜器和素可泰和敦坦发现的青铜鼓。在越南和老挝，我们收集了铸造青铜器、青铜戟和青铜鼓的模具样本。我们在老挝的调查中发现的Heger 1型鼓与在老挝和湄公河盆地发现的鼓是同一类型的。它们的身体很大，鼓室上装饰着许多飞鸟和鸟人的饰带。

项目成果

メコン流域の文明化前史

湄公河流域的前文明历史

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 国立歴史民族博物館研究報告 119号
• 作者: スチュアート ヘンリ;Tanabe Aiko;M.Tanaka;新田栄治
• 通讯作者: 新田栄治

メコン河流域の文明化前史

湄公河流域的前文明历史

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 国立歴史民俗博物館研究報告 119
• 作者: 新田栄治

カンボジア頭部・ベトナム南部所在環状土塁遺跡の考古学的検討

位于柬埔寨和越南南部的圆形土方遗址的考古检查

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: 鹿児島考古 37号
• 作者: 新田栄治

新里貴之: "貝塚時代後期石器研究への予察-久米島ウルル貝塚採集石器を素材として-"久米島自然文化センター紀要. 3号. 1-11 (2003)

新里隆之：“晚期贝冢石器研究预测——以久米岛乌鲁鲁贝冢采集的石器为材料——”久米岛自然文化中心公报第3期第1-11期（2003年）。

新田 栄治: "The Mekong Basin toward the Ranked Society based on Bronze Drums and Halberds"Abstracts of 17^<th> Congress of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association. 182-183 (2002)

Eiji Nitta：“湄公河盆地走向基于铜鼓和戟的等级社会”印度-太平洋史前协会第 17 届大会摘要 182-183（2002）。