The establishment of soil pollution estimation method by gene profiling

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Various bioassays targeting different endpoints have been applied to assess the soil containing various chemicals and metals. However, the cellular responses to chemicals are regulated in complicated manner and the soil is often a complex mixture of variety of chemicals. Therefore, method for global analysis is required to elucidate toxic mode of action for chemicals or complex mixture such as polluted soils on whole cells or organisms. Recently developed DNA microarray enables us to simultaneously measure the expression of hundreds to thousands of genes, providing significant advances in the comprehensive understanding and prediction of toxicity compared with classical toxicology approaches. The genome-wide responses of yeast cells to polluted soils were analyzed to elucidate the toxic mode of action. We also attempted to establish a novel bioassay to detect environmental chemicals using expression pattern in C.elegans. In this study, we analyzed about 9000 genes to observe the gene expression pattern change by the effect of heavy metal using DNA microarray, and determined the specific response genes by cluster and statistic methods.