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Performance and usage standard of protective clothing against biohazard measures

生物危害防护服性能及使用标准

基本信息

批准号：
15209020
负责人：
SHINOHARA Katsuaki
金额：
$ 32.2万
依托单位：
National Institute of Infectious Diseases
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In the selection of PPE for the biohazard measures, various conditions of risk should be analyzed overall. Therefore, it is necessary to enact the performance standard and the selection criterion of PPE.We developed the new test devices for testing the protective performance of biological protective clothing materials against penetration of synthetic blood and infectious aerosol.In this study, we tested the protective performance of protective clothing materials and seams actually used in laboratories Japan.As a result, the significant difference was observed in the protective performance against the penetration of synthetic blood by the processing and the surface treatment in both woven and non-woven cloths, and, in addition, the test method using the microorganism showed high detection sensitivity of the leakage in the same material. Furthermore it was confirmed that the collection efficiency of aerosol was different in the material.Then the necessity for using the material of each u … More sage properly was pointed out. Moreover, the protective performance of each material was classified from class 0 into class 6 of the height degree based on these results.In the whole body protective suit, it was confirmed that the change of internal pressure according to each operation influenced the leakage rate of aerosol.To verify the physiological load of each protective suit, the penetration rate of both heat and moisture of the protective clothing materials were measured by the skin model, and the thermal resistance of various protective suits was measured by the thermal mannequin, as a model experiment. In addition, the physiological load wearing the whole body protective suit was measured, and it was confirmed that the physiological load was significantly influenced by changing of airflow in the clothing according to the shape and the material of protective clothing.Moreover, a domestic and foreign standard concerning the protective performance and the comfort of various protective clothing, and test organizations and test equipments were surveyed.As based on these research results, we submitted the standard of basic protective performance of protective clothing against hazardous biological agents and the selection criterion of protective clothing.A part of these research results was reported at some academic society conferences, the European Biological Safety Association, the American Biological Safety Association, the Japanese Biological Association, International Society for Respiratory Protection, etc. Less

在选择生物危害防护用品时，应综合分析各种风险条件。因此，有必要制定PPE的性能标准和选用标准。我们开发了新的测试装置，用于测试生物防护服材料对合成血液和传染性气溶胶渗透的防护性能。在本研究中，我们测试了日本实验室实际使用的防护服材料和接缝的防护性能。结果表明，织造布和非织造布的加工和表面处理对合成血液渗透的防护性能有显著差异，微生物检测方法对同一材料的泄漏具有较高的检测灵敏度。此外，还证实了不同材料对气溶胶的收集效率不同。在此基础上，指出了合理利用各单元材料的必要性。根据这些结果，将每种材料的防护性能从高度度的0级划分为6级。在全身防护服中，确认了每次操作的内压变化对气溶胶泄漏率的影响。为了验证每件防护服的生理负荷，通过皮肤模型测量防护服材料的热透率和湿透率，通过热人体模型测量各种防护服的热阻，作为模型实验。此外，对穿着全身防护服的生理负荷进行了测量，根据防护服的形状和材质，证实了服装内气流的变化对生理负荷有显著的影响。此外，还对各种防护服防护性能和舒适性的国内外标准、试验机构和试验设备进行了考察。在此基础上，提出了防护服对危险生物制剂的基本防护性能标准和防护服的选择标准。部分研究成果已在欧洲生物安全协会、美国生物安全协会、日本生物协会、国际呼吸防护学会等学术会议上发表。少