Transition of Socioeconomc Structure and Vision of Metropolitan Areas in 21st Century : Conpact City and Urban Structure

本研究由三部分组成。第一，从居住与经济活动的关系看大都市区的结构性变化。第二部分：中部地区衰落与地方城市发展对策。第三部分：中心城市和郊区城市中心的改造与盎格鲁县域大都市区的空间结构。第一部分，我们展示了所谓的人口回城运动，准确地说，郊区化的退化并不是大量移民增加到中心城市。这种情况在郊区或中心城市内部有着错综复杂的变动。现在重要的一点是每个领域不同人群的可持续性。关于经济活动，办事处的地点和类型是多样化的。指出了城市舒适性的重要性。区域要素或城市区域之间的紧密联系在社会经济结构转型中再次变得重要起来，在地方城市中，为了改造中心区，需要零售以外的各种功能。在中心区建设公寓的同时，也发现了“食物沙漠”问题。紧凑型城市政策是21世纪城市政策与交通政策的全新结合，形成了新的城市结构。但在这个新的方向上，集聚型和网络型的紧凑型城市更需要探讨，这种新的空间规划在国外已经在进行。在美国，甚至在新的轻轨沿线建造了新的郊区中心，在死气沉沉的购物中心。这些新的例子展示了紧凑的城市网络和新的愿景。因此，最具挑战性的是准确分析这三个部分中的情况之间的关系。

This study composed of three parts. First : Structural change in Metropolitan Areas from the view of the relationship between residence and economic activities. Second part : Decline of Central Area and Countermeasures in Local Cities. Third part : Renovations of Urban Centers in Central cities and suburbs and the spatial structure of Metropolitan Areas in Anglosaxon countries.In first part, we show so-called back-to-the-city movement in population, is exactly speaking, the degrading of suburbanization not large immigration increase to the central city. This situation have intricate movements inside suburbs or central city. And now the important point is sustainability of various people in each areas. Regarding to economic activities, locations and type of offices are diversified. Importance of Amenity in urban areas are pointed out. Close connecti on between elements of region or urban ares are getting importance again in the transition of socio economic structure.In local cities, various functions other than retail are needed in order to renovate central areas. Constructions of condomiums in central area are found, but "food desert" problems are also found. Compact city policy is a brand new integration of urban and transportation policies to form new urban structure in 2 1st century. But in this new direction, discussion is needed more about concentrated type and network type of compact cities.These kinds of new spatial planning are underway already in abroad. Even new suburban centers along new LRT after dead mall were constructed in US. These new examples show networks of compact cities and new visions. Points to challenge hence is to analyze precisely the relationship between situations in these three parts.