Development of Urban Mines as Urban Resource Recovery Centers to Utilize Solid Waste and Create a Holonic Path for a Sustainable Society

日本的工业系统和日常生活正在转变为以回收为基础，以减少能源和资源的消耗。为了建设循环型社会，城市资源回收中心（城市矿山）是利用选矿技术减少废物量，再利用和回收有价值物质的重要场所。作者研究了城市矿山的先进选矿技术，并开发了如下所述的新工艺。基于这些结果，我们讨论并提出了在可持续社会中创建整体路径的建议。1)开发了废弃复印机中塑料和金属的回收工艺，并围绕我们实验室开发的RETAC夹具建立了加工中试工厂。2)研究了利用RETAC夹具回收废旧荧光灯玻璃的工艺。3)开发了一种混合跳汰机，利用不同的比重和表面对水的亲和度来分离相同比重的塑料。4)采用浸出法和胶凝法对焚烧后的城市生活垃圾进行金属回收。5)研究了低温选择性破碎三段式磁选回收废镍氢电池电极材料的工艺。6)研究了一种修复重金属污染土壤的微胶囊化方法。7)研究了浸出-胶结-磁选相结合的重金属回收和重金属污染土壤修复工艺。8)讨论并提出了与城市矿山相关的可持续社会系统。

Industrial systems and daily life in Japan are shifting to become recycling-based to reduce energy and resource consumption. To establish a society based on recycling, urban resource recovery centers (urban mines) are important as places to reduce waste volumes, reusing and recycling valuable materials with application of mineral processing technology. The authors have studied advanced mineral processing technology for urban mines, and have developed new processes as described below. Based on these results, the creation of a holonic path in a sustainable society is discussed and proposed.1) A process for recycling of plastics and metals from scrapped copy machines was developed and a processing Pilot plant was constructed around the RETAC jig developed in our laboratory.2) A process for recovering fine and high quality glass from waste fluorescent lamps was developed using RETAC jig.3) A hybrid jig using the differences in specific gravity and surface affinity for water was developed for separating plastics with the same specific gravities.4) A metal recovery process for incinerated municipal solid waste was developed using leaching and cementation-in-pulp methods.5) A process for recovering electrode materials from waste nickel metal hydride batteries was developed using selective crushing at low temperature and with 3 stages magnetic separation.6) A microencapsulation method to remediate soils contaminated with heavy metals was developed.7) A process to recover heavy metals and to remediate soils contaminated with heavy metals was developed using a hybrid method combined with leaching, cementation and magnetic separation.8) Sustainable societal systems linked with urban mines are discussed and proposed.