Investigation of functional rhizo-biocomplex on highly adverse soil-adapting plants and application of the functional rhizo-biocomplex to agro-technology.

利用印度尼西亚加里曼丹中部的泥炭土，从X.对沙苑子苗床进行了种子萌发促进活性的测定。用Y-1真菌接种种子，种子萌发良好，但在当地泥炭土床中培养一个月后，所产生的幼苗全部死亡。只有当当地土壤悬浮液的上清液未经灭菌进一步接种到苗床上时，接种Y-1的发芽苗才能存活并正常生长6个月以上。这表明腐殖真菌刺激种子萌发，而一些土壤细菌为发芽的幼苗提供营养。而在西伯利亚针叶林床土中，贫营养的伯克霍尔德菌和假单胞菌占据着土壤微生物区系，在10-15℃、较低碳源浓度（0.02-0.05%）下，它们表现出较高的乙炔还原活性。包括介质pH值，这些土壤细菌高度适应培养条件的冻土，使物理化学条件类似于激活的冻土在夏季季节导致相对较高的固氮活性。此外，结冷胶作为凝胶基质允许细菌显示最大的固氮潜力。在新积火山灰土壤的野外条件下，研究了火山灰积极土的形成机理.北海道的乌苏，这片土地允许先锋植物拥有菌根共生体并占优势。特别是杨柳幼苗的外生菌根真菌组成，而草食性杂草，除了马尾草和锉刀，允许与丛枝菌根真菌共生。因此，我们发现，先锋植物分布在整个新鲜的火山灰土壤在山。Usu依赖于菌根侵染。

Using local peat soil from Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, a saprophytic soil fungus Penicillium sp. Isolate Y-1 from X. complanata seedbed was tested its seed-germination promotion activity. The seeds germinated well by means of inoculation with Y-1 fungus, but the resulting seedlings were all died after one month-incubation in the local peat soil bed. Only when the supernatant of the local soil suspension without sterilization was further inoculated to the seedbeds, the germinated seedlings that had been inoculated with Y-1 resulted in survival and normal growth of the seedlings over 6 month. This suggested that saprophytic fungi stimulate seed germination, while some soil bacteria provide nutrients to the germinated seedlings. On the other hand, in Siberian Taiga forest bed soil, oligotrophic Burkholderia and Pseudomonas occupied soil microflora, and they showed a relatively high acetylene reduction activity at 10-15℃,under a lower concentration of carbon source (0.02-0.05%). Including medium pH, these soil bacteria were highly adapted to culture conditions agreeable to the permafrost soil, so that physicochemical conditions similar to activated permafrost soil in summer seasons resulted in relatively higher nitrogen-fixing activity. Moreover, gellan gum as gel matrix allowed the bacteria to show maximal nitrogen-fixing potential. Under a field condition of newly accumulated volcanic ash soil accumulated extreme soil land in Mt. Usu, Hokkaido, the land allowed pioneer plants to possess mycorrhizal symbionts and grew dominantly. Particularly, those of willow tree saplings constitutively possessed ectomycorrhizal fungi, while herbivorous weeds, except horsetail and rasp, allowed symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Thus, it was found that pioneer plants distributing throughout fresh volcanic ash soil in Mt. Usu were dependent on mycorrhizal infection.