Palaeolithic Chronology and Environmental Change in East Asia.

本项目旨在通过对黄土-古土壤序列的高分辨率和高精度的各种科学方法，为重建东亚旧石器时代年代学提供可靠的时间尺度，并阐明包括朝鲜半岛和中国东部沿海在内的东亚地区的古环境变化。该地区的旧石器时代露天遗址大多是在2.5Ma BP以来由亚洲大陆的西风和急流搬运而来的厚层黄土存款中发现的。特别是黄土-古土壤序列与全球海洋同位素阶段（MIS）和SPECMAP相结合，可以很好地反映更新世气候的冷暖干湿振荡。它也是更新世亚洲季风振荡的一个重要标志。黄土-古土壤年代地层学是这一地区最可靠的年代地层学，为制定黄土-古土壤年代地层学的地方标准，我们与 ...更多信息 2004-2007年，韩国和中国的考古学家和地质学家。因此，我们建立了标准的黄土-古土壤年代地层MIS 9至2在著名的Chongokni旧石器时代遗址附近的非军事区在韩国与分析的黄土-古土壤地层，火山灰（火山灰），磁化率，磁性地层学和光释光测年的黄土-古土壤风成存款。最早的工业是由E55 S20 4号坑第9层的石英制成的小片工具组成的，最晚可追溯到MIS 9（334-301 ka）。根据成濑的黄土-古土壤地层学，这8种古土壤可与MIS 3 - 15进行对比。在该遗址与MIS 4、5 b、5c-e、8和14相当的5个层位中，恢复了5个旧石器文化层。它们由石英制成的巨大而粗糙的石制品组成。根据黄土-古土壤序列，最低文化层的年代为MIS 14（568-528 ka）。2004年、2005年、2006年与南京博物馆考古研究所合作，对江苏金坛和尚墩旧石器时代遗址进行了石业时代的测定。根据磁性地层学和黄土-古土壤地层学的研究结果，我们估计最高湖阶底部砾石的最早工业来自Brunhes/Matuyama边界（0.78 Ma）。在江苏和尚墩、放牛山、将军崖等旧石器时代遗址的MIS 3 ~ MIS 2层位上，还发现了一些具有特征性形貌的浮石型火山玻璃。这类火山玻璃在日本列岛内没有起源，在此后的中国沿海旧石器时代晚期年代学中将发挥重要的时间标志作用。少

This project was planned to make a reliable time scale for reconstructing East Asian Paleolithic chronology and to illuminate Paleoenvironmental changes in East Asia, including the Korean Peninsula and the eastern coastal China, by various scientific methods with high resolution and accuracy to loess-paleosol sequence. Most of the Paleolithic open air sites in this region are recovered in thick loess deposit that transported with westerly and jet stream from inland Asian Continent since 2.5 Ma BP. In particular, loess-paleosol sequence is a good indicator to reflect cold/arid and warm/wet climatic oscillation in Pleistocene linked with global Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) and SPECMAP. It is an important indicator of the Asian monsoon oscillation in the Pleistocene too. Loess-paleosol chronostratigraphy crosschecked with various methods provides the most reliable time scale in this vast area.To make local standard of such a loess-paleosol chronostratigraphy, we made cooperative works with … More Korean and Chinese archaeologists and geoscientists in Korea and China in 2004-2007. As the result we established the standard loess-paleosol chronostratigraphy from MIS 9 to 2 at the famous Chongokni Paleolithic sites near DMZ in Korea with analyses of the loess-paleosol stratigraphy, tephra (volcanic ash) from the Japanese archipelago, magnetic susceptibility, magnetostratigraphy and OSL dating for the loess-paleosol eolian deposit. The earliest industry comprised of small flake tools made of quartz from Layer 9 at E55S20 Pit 4 in the site dates up MIS 9 (334-301 ka) at latest.At the Mansuri site near Daejon City, Korea, we discerned 8 paleosols on the profile in 7 m height. The 8 paleosols can be correlated with MIS 3 to 15, basing on loess-paleosol stratigraphy by Naruse. Five Paleolithic cultural layers were recovered from the 5 horizons comparable to MIS 4, 5b, 5c-e, 8 and 14 at this site. They are composed of massive and crude stone artifacts made of quartz. The lowest cultural layer would be dated up to MIS 14 (568-528 ka) according to the loess-paleosol sequence.Loess-paleosol is also recognized in the lower Changjiang River basin in China. In 2004, 2005 and 2006 we had cooperative field works with Archaeological Institute of Nanjing Museum to decide the age of stone industry from the Heshangdun Paleolithic site in Jintan City, Jiangsu Province. As the result we estimate the earliest industry from the basal gravel of the highest lacustrine terrace comes from the horizon just over Brunhes/Matuyama boundary (0.78 Ma) on the basis of magnetostratigraphy and loess-paleosol stratigraphy. Furthermore we found a few pumice type volcanic glasses with the characteristic appearance in the horizon between MIS 3 and MIS 2 at the Paleolithic sites of Heshangdun, Fangniushan and Jiangjunya in Jiangsu Province. This type volcanic glass, which has no its origin within the Japanese archipelago, will do very important role as time marker in the Late Paleolithic chronology in coastal China after this. Less