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Chemical and physical properties of magmatic sulfides and sulfide liquids at conditions of Earth’s deep upper mantle

Chemical and physical properties of magmatic sulfides and sulfide liquids at conditions of Earth’s deep upper mantle
地球上地幔深处岩浆硫化物和硫化物液体的化学和物理性质
批准号:
451014777
负责人:
Dr. Christopher Beyer
金额:
$0.0万
依托单位国家:
德国
项目类别:
Research Grants
财政年份:
2020
资助国家:
德国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-12-31 至 2023-12-31

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中文摘要
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英文摘要
Base metal sulfides (Fe-Ni-Cu-S +/- Co, and Zn) and sulfide melts are ubiquitous accessory phases in basalts, peridotites, and mantle xenoliths, and are the most frequent inclusions in diamonds. Due to their nature, they are a sink for highly siderophile elements (HSE) and economically important chalcophile elements like platin-group elements, Cu, Zn, Ag, and Pb. The abundances of HSE in planetary materials are commonly used to track the evolution of planetary reservoirs and core formation, which in conjunction with information of the Re-Os radioactive decay systems, provides us with insights into the chronology of planetary-scale processes. Fe-Ni-Cu-S inclusions are overabundant in diamonds and suggests that a genetic link between sulfides and diamonds exists. We plan to investigate compositions that resemble natural inclusions recovered from lithospheric and sublithospheric diamonds more closely, i.e. compositions with a distinct eclogitic and peridotitic metal to S and Fe to Ni ratio. To complement existing experimental data, carried out at shallow mantle conditions, we will conduct high-pressure/high-temperature experiments at deep mantle conditions (i.e. below 200 km depths to the base of the upper mantle) in equilibrium with different silicates/oxides (olivine, wadsleyite, ringwoodite, majorite, and stishovite) to unravel the conditions of sulfide saturation and their effect on element partitioning between sulfides, sulfide melts, and silicates.Sulfide melts have distinctly different physical properties (e.g. density, viscosity, electrical conductivity) compared to silicates and silicate melts. If sulfide melts develop an interconnected network, which depends on the solid-solid and solid-melt interfacial energies between sulfide melts and coexisting silicates, as well as oxygen and sulfur fugacity, they will significantly contribute to the transport of siderophile and chalcophile elements, as well as the likelihood of efficient metal segregation during planetary core formation. Moreover, sulfide melts can dissolve significant amounts of C and play a key role in the genesis of large diamonds. We will determine the dihedral angle of sulfide melts coexisting with high-pressure mantle phases to identify the conditions under which sulfide melts are mobile in the deep mantle. Moreover, we will address the solubility of C and the precipitation of diamonds from sulfide melts at pressures that represent Earth’s transition zone.
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Diamond formation in Earth's mantle: Role of C-O-H fluid composition and host rock lithology.
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棕色脂肪细胞脂滴与线粒体锚定的功能与机制研究
  • 批准号:
    32100557
  • 项目类别:
    青年科学基金项目(C类)
  • 资助金额:
    30.0万元
  • 批准年份:
    2021
  • 负责人:
    崔留娟
  • 依托单位:
黄病毒组装促进内质网-脂滴互作的调控机制研究
磷脂分子参与植物细胞器互作及自噬的调控机制
  • 批准号:
    91954206
  • 项目类别:
    重大研究计划
  • 资助金额:
    301.0万元
  • 批准年份:
    2019
  • 负责人:
    薛红卫
  • 依托单位:
有性生殖过程纤毛与细胞外膜泡细胞器互作网络建立和调控的分子机理
  • 批准号:
    91954123
  • 项目类别:
    重大研究计划
  • 资助金额:
    76.0万元
  • 批准年份:
    2019
  • 负责人:
    曹木青
  • 依托单位: