Nature-based perennial grain cropping as a model tosafeguard functional biodiversity towards future-proofagriculture

以自然为基础的多年生谷物种植作为保护功能性生物多样性以实现面向未来的农业的模式

• 批准号: 451152839
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Frank Rasche
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Umweltbiotechnologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/451152839?language=en
• 关键词: Nature; based; perennial; grain; cropping

The impact of intense annual crop production on natural resources under the threat of climate change has resulted in a global magnification of environmental degradation and biodiversity loss. A concept for mitigating such consequences is the development of perennial grain cropping systems. Kernza®, domesticated from Thinopyrum intermedium, is among the most advanced examples of recently developed perennial grain crops for food or forage production with established experimental sites across Europe. Informed by natural ecosystems, specially grasslands, such systems provide an excellent and innovative design to promote nature-based solutions (NBS) to mitigate agricultural disservices and to provide ecological, social and economic benefits (Theme #3 of the BiodivERsA BiodivClim Call). With a permanent soil cover, high total biomass production and deeper root systems, perennial grain crops provide fundamental advantages for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Perennial grain crops support highly structured and complex food webs, improving the functional diversity and the conditions for its conservation. However, there is only limited understanding of biodiversity effects, crop performance and ecosystem services resulting from these systems. The systemic research approach of NAPERDIV is founded on comparative analyses between established perennial versus annual grain cropping systems along a Pan-European gradient (Sweden, Belgium, France) with different agro-ecological and climatic conditions. With an inter-disciplinary and multi-sectoral network of researchers and stakeholders across Europe, NAPERDIV will analyze (a) the agronomic performance of Kernza® to assess and simulate its resilience against climate hazards, (b) the crop-associated microbiome and its functional benefits (growth promotion, disease suppression), (c) the resilience of the soil microbiome against drought under expected climate variability, and (d) the soil fauna, its benefits and indicator values for crop performance, system diversity and processes. The multiple and transnational impacts of the NAPERDIV outcomes on environment, policy, society and economy will support the EU to strengthen its role as world leader both in research and innovation: (1) NAPERDIV will contribute to a sustainable, nature-based agriculture with limited use of agro-chemicals and benefits for biodiversity and climate change adaptation/mitigation. (2) NAPERDIV will deliver a solid scientific knowledge baseline for on-going and prospective legislative frameworks of the EU for the development of innovative and future-proof solutions of agricultural production addressing environmental and climate objectives. (3) NAPERDIV will contribute to nutrition security and generates novel bio-economic opportunities with investment potentials. (4) NAPERDIV will network at a Pan-European scale securing in the long-run the maintenance of a cooperative and multi-disciplinary research platform within and across Europe.

在气候变化的威胁下，每年密集的作物生产对自然资源的影响导致全球范围内环境退化和生物多样性丧失的加剧。减轻这种后果的一个概念是发展多年生粮食种植制度。Kernza®是从Thinopyrum intermedium驯化而来，是最近开发的用于食品或饲料生产的多年生粮食作物中最先进的例子之一，在欧洲各地建立了实验基地。基于自然生态系统，特别是草原，这些系统提供了优秀的创新设计，以促进基于自然的解决方案（NBS），以减轻农业危害，并提供生态、社会和经济效益（BiodivERsA BiodivClim呼吁的主题3）。多年生粮食作物具有永久的土壤覆盖、高生物量总产量和较深的根系，为减缓和适应气候变化提供了根本优势。多年生粮食作物支持高度结构化和复杂的食物网，改善了功能多样性及其保护条件。然而，对这些系统产生的生物多样性影响、作物性能和生态系统服务的了解有限。NAPERDIV的系统研究方法建立在对泛欧梯度（瑞典、比利时、法国）不同农业生态和气候条件下已建立的多年生和一年生粮食种植制度进行比较分析的基础上。NAPERDIV将在欧洲建立一个跨学科和多部门的研究人员和利益相关者网络，分析(a) Kernza®的农艺性能，以评估和模拟其对气候灾害的适应能力，(b)作物相关微生物群及其功能效益（促进生长，抑制疾病），(c)土壤微生物群在预期气候变异下对干旱的适应能力，以及(d)土壤动物。它对作物生产性能、系统多样性和过程的效益和指标值。NAPERDIV成果对环境、政策、社会和经济的多重和跨国影响将支持欧盟加强其作为世界研究和创新领导者的作用：(1)NAPERDIV将促进可持续的、以自然为基础的农业，限制农用化学品的使用，并有利于生物多样性和适应/减缓气候变化。(2) NAPERDIV将为欧盟现行和未来的立法框架提供坚实的科学知识基础，以开发创新和面向未来的农业生产解决方案，以实现环境和气候目标。(3) NAPERDIV将促进营养安全，并产生具有投资潜力的新型生物经济机会。(4) NAPERDIV将在泛欧范围内建立网络，确保在欧洲内部和整个欧洲长期维持一个合作和多学科研究平台。