Spontaneous mutation rates and evolution of insecticide resistance in an agricultural pest (EvolPest)

农业害虫的自发突变率和杀虫剂抗性进化（EvolPest）

• 批准号: 451977135
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Shuqing Xu, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Evolutionäre Pflanzenwissenschaften
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/451977135?language=en
• 关键词: Spontaneous; mutation; rates; evolution; insecticide

Resistance to insecticides in insect pests is a remarkable example of rapid adaptation in a human-mediated evolutionary experiment. It has become apparent that insecticide resistance is unavoidable under current agricultural practices and threatens global food supply, highlighting the urgent need to investigate the evolutionary processes of insecticide resistance. The Colorado potato beetle (CPB, Leptinotarsa decemlineata), an insect with little practical significance to crops 150 years ago, is now a devastating global pest of potato and other solanaceous crops and has evolved resistance to nearly all known insecticides. The remarkable resistance to insecticides and relatively short and well-known natural history thus make CPB an ideal system to study the mechanisms of insecticide resistance and evolutionary processes of agricultural pests. Here, we will investigate the evolution of CPB and its insecticide resistance by measuring key population genetic parameters and reconstruct the demographic history of CPB. Specifically, we will 1) estimate spontaneous mutation rates in CPB and evaluate the extent to which the mutation rates are affected by a low-dosage of insecticide in mutation accumulation experiments; 2) map genetic basis of resistance to two widely used insecticides through bulk-segregation analysis; 3) characterize the evolutionary history of CPB and its resistance by re-sequencing the genomes of globally distributed CPB populations. The outcomes of this project will push the boundaries of our current knowledge of insecticide resistance evolution by providing both mechanistic and genomic insights into how current agricultural practices might have contributed to the evolution of a devastating pest. The obtained population genetic parameters may further facilitate the development of sustainable pest control strategies.

昆虫对杀虫剂的抗性是人类介导的进化实验中快速适应的一个显著例子。很明显，在目前的农业实践中，杀虫剂抗药性是不可避免的，并威胁到全球粮食供应，这突出表明迫切需要调查杀虫剂抗药性的演变过程。科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫（Leptinotarsa decemlineata，CPB）150年前是一种对作物几乎没有实际意义的昆虫，现在是马铃薯和其他茄科作物的毁灭性全球性害虫，并且已经进化出对几乎所有已知杀虫剂的抗性。CPB系统对杀虫剂的显著抗性和相对较短的自然历史使其成为研究农业害虫抗药性机制和进化过程的理想系统。在这里，我们将调查的CPB和它的杀虫剂抗性的演变，通过测量关键的人口遗传参数和重建的人口历史CPB。具体而言，我们将1）估计CPB中的自发突变率，并评估突变累积实验中低剂量杀虫剂对突变率的影响程度; 2）通过批量分离分析绘制对两种广泛使用的杀虫剂的抗性遗传基础; 3）通过重新测序全球分布的CPB种群的基因组来表征CPB的进化历史及其抗性。该项目的成果将推动我们目前对杀虫剂抗性进化的认识的界限，为当前农业实践如何促进毁灭性害虫的进化提供机械和基因组方面的见解。所获得的种群遗传参数可进一步促进害虫可持续控制策略的发展。