mmV2X: Enabling Millimeter-wave Vehicular-to-Everything Communications

利用全自动车辆实现未来的智能交通系统（ITS）需要保证最小延迟、高可靠性和高吞吐量通信的通信范例。然而，基于现有的车联网（V2X）技术来满足这些要求往往是不可行的，因为它存在潜在的局限性。因此，学术界和汽车工业关注毫米波（mmWave）频段的频率。然而，毫米波频段的通信带来了在过去几代蜂窝网络中没有考虑到的基本挑战。特别地，毫米波通信遭受高传播和穿透损耗。定向天线的使用补偿了这些损失，但代价是在媒体访问控制（MAC）的设计中具有更高的复杂性，特别是对于动态变化的车辆环境。该建议的重点是使用数学工具和设备易处理和轻量级算法，在动态车辆环境中保持通信设备之间的连接，从理论上建模和分析潜在的问题。具体而言，我们设计了用于波束对准的算法，以实现异构V2X通信的高频谱重用增益（即，单播、多播和多跳）。此外，该提案还产生了第一个mmWave V2X模拟器，该模拟器将mmWave MAC和PHY模块集成在开源车载网络模拟框架（即Veins）中。所提出的算法将使用该模拟器进行评估。

Enabling the future Intelligent Transport System (ITS) with fully- autonomous vehicles requires communication paradigms that guarantee minimum latency, high reliability, and high throughput communication. However, fulfilling these requirements based on the existing technology for vehicular-to-everything (V2X) is often not feasible due to its underlying limitation. Therefore, academia and automotive industry pay attention to the frequency at millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands. Nevertheless, communications at the mmWave band impose fundamental challenges which were not considered in the past generations of cellular networks. In particular, communication at mmWave suffers from high propagation and penetration loss. The use of directional antennas compensates these losses but at the expense of higher complexity in the design of medium access control (MAC), especially for dynamically changing vehicular environments. The focus of this proposal is to model and analyze the underlying problem theoretically using mathematical tools and device tractable and lightweight algorithms which maintain connectivity between communicating devices in dynamic vehicular environments. Specifically, we design algorithms for beam alignment to achieve high spectral reuse gain for heterogeneous V2X communications (i.e., unicast, multicast, and multi-hop). Further, this proposal results in the first mmWave V2X simulator that integrates mmWave MAC and PHY modules in the open source vehicular networks simulation framework, namely Veins. The proposed algorithms will be evaluated using this simulator.