Body size evolution in Priapulida – ancestrally or secondarily small?

普里普利达的体型进化——先祖小还是继而小？

• 批准号: 454319699
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Wirbellose Tiere
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/454319699?language=en
• 关键词: Body; size; evolution; Priapulida; ancestrally

We are interested in changes of body size during evolution. The taxon Priapulida is ideal to investigate changes of body size, as among the only 21 described species are microscopic (2-3 mm) and macroscopic (several cm, up to 40 cm) species. With the ultimate goal to investigate genetic changes and drivers of evolutionary body size changes, we propose in this project to work out a robust phylogeny and compare morphological changes during ontogeny and between microscopic and macroscopic species. For a phylogeny (work package 1) we want to sequence transcriptomes of six species from the genera Priapulus, Priapulopsis, Halicryptus and Tubiluchus and complement these with data from other working groups on further species and genera (Meiopriapulus, Maccabeus). In three further work packages we will compare different organs (body cavity, musculature, cuticle, excretory organs, gonads) with different techniques (µCT, semithin and histological sectioning, phalloidin staining, tubulin staining). The work packages include comparison through the entire development of Priapulus caudatus, comparison between small (Tubiluchus) and large (Priapulus) species and intrageneric comparison of small (Halicryptus spinulosus) and large (H. higginsi) species.

我们对进化过程中身体大小的变化很感兴趣。Priapulida分类群是研究身体大小变化的理想分类群，因为在仅有的21个描述的物种中有显微镜（2-3 mm）和宏观（几厘米，高达40厘米）物种。最终目标是研究遗传变化和进化体型变化的驱动因素，我们在这个项目中建议制定一个强大的个体发育和比较个体发育过程中以及微观和宏观物种之间的形态变化。对于基因组学（工作包1），我们希望对来自Priapulus属、Priapulopsis属、Halicryptus属和Tubiluchus属的六个物种的转录组进行测序，并利用来自其他工作组的关于其他物种和属（Meiopriapulus属、Maccabeus属）的数据对这些进行补充。在三个进一步的工作包中，我们将用不同的技术（µCT、半薄切片和组织切片、鬼笔环肽染色、微管蛋白染色）比较不同的器官（体腔、肌肉组织、角质层、排泄器官、性腺）。这些工作包包括对Priapulus caudatus整个发育过程的比较，小型（Tubiluchus）和大型（Priapulus）物种之间的比较，以及小型（Halicryptus spinulosus）和大型（H. higginsi）种。