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Longitudinal study on adaptation process for psycho-social and physical changes in middle life.

中年心理社会和身体变化适应过程的纵向研究。

基本信息

批准号：
09410030
负责人：
UJIIE Tatsuo
金额：
$ 3.26万
依托单位：
Research Center for Life-Long Learning and Education, Fukushima University.
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Major findings of this study were as follow :(1) Psychological well-being measured using CES-D changed temporally. The changes of CES-D score were weakly correlated with temporal changes of amount of stressors derived from daily activities such as work loadings and interpersonal relationships. Sometimes such kind of hassles leaded people to have a sense of self-efficacy and self-effectiveness.(2) Based on Erikson's idea of life cycle, Fukushima Psycho-Social Development Scale (FPSDS) was developed and a single factor, which was interpreted as a flexible and matured ego functioning, was derived. The score of FPSDS was negatively correlated with CES-D scores. It was also positively correlated with satisfaction to life, quality of activities and amount of social network. The correlation pattern was different by gender. In female, the quality of non-work related activities and the amount of social network correlated with the score of FPSDS, on the contrary the quality of work related activities correlated with the score of FPSDS in male.(3) People in the middle life perceived decreasing of psychological and physical abilities and changes of physical appearance. The perception of aged self was very negative. But frequently they tried to cope with negative feelings. They used various secondary compensation and control strategies.(4) People in the middle life were very active. They had various goals and dreams. Although they had many difficulties and restrictions such as over-loading of work, heavy responsibilities, and serious problems of their children, spouses and old parents, they tried to accomplish their goals and dreams.(5) We found actively coped people and active dreamers. We can expect that they would have an age-appropriated ego functioning and healthy personality and we can get some hints for a productive and healthy middle life through analyses of their psychological characteristics from multiple perspectives.

本研究的主要发现如下：（1）心理幸福感的测量具有时间性变化。CES-D评分的变化与工作量、人际关系等日常活动应激源的时间变化呈弱相关。有时这种麻烦会导致人们产生自我效能感和自我效能感。(2)根据Erikson的生命周期思想，编制了福岛心理社会发展量表（FPSDS），并导出了一个单一的因子，即灵活成熟的自我功能。FPSDS评分与CES-D评分呈负相关。它还与生活满意度、活动质量和社会网络数量呈正相关。相关模式因性别而异。女性非工作相关活动质量和社会网络数量与FPSDS得分相关，男性工作相关活动质量与FPSDS得分相关。(3)中年人感知到心理和身体能力的下降以及身体外观的变化。老年人对老年自我的认知是非常消极的。但他们经常试图科普负面情绪。他们使用各种次级补偿和控制策略。(4)中年人非常活跃。他们有不同的目标和梦想。尽管他们有许多困难和限制，如工作负担过重，责任沉重，以及他们的子女，配偶和年迈的父母的严重问题，他们试图实现自己的目标和梦想。(5)我们发现了积极应对的人和积极的梦想家。从多个角度分析他们的心理特征，可以期望他们具有与年龄相适应的自我功能和健康的人格，并为我们提供有益的启示。