Studies for clinical use of olfactory evoked potentials by electrical stimulating olfactory mucosa

在靠近前颅窝的外科医生之后，一些患者经历嗅觉功能的丧失。然而，嗅觉功能，这也是重要的日常生活，尚未开发出客观的方法来评估，嗅觉诱发电位（OEP）通过电刺激的嗅觉粘膜记录在狗和人，以开发一个客观的方法来评估嗅觉功能。在狗中，OEP记录从嗅道和头皮。第一个负峰的潜伏期约为40 msec。刺激鼻粘膜后没有反应，嗅神经切片后反应消失。随着重复刺激频率的增加，振幅降低，表明反应是突触介导的。这些结果表明，诱发电位从嗅道和头皮后，电刺激嗅粘膜起源于嗅觉系统。在人类中，将带有软导管的刺激电极固定在嗅粘膜上。记录到来自嗅束的OEP，在约27 msec处具有负峰，与犬中发现的特征相似。来自人类嗅觉道的OEP也特异性地来源于嗅觉系统。通过电刺激嗅粘膜获得的OEP可用于术中监测嗅觉功能。

Following surgeon near the anterior fossa, some patients experience loss of olfactory functions. However, objective methods for evaluating olfactory functions, which are also important for daily living, have not yet been developed.The olfactory evoked potential (OEP) obtained by electrical stimulation of the olfactory mucosa was recorded in dogs and humans to develop an objective method for evaluating olfactory functions. In dogs, OEPs were recorded from the olfactory tract and the scalp. The latency of the first negative peak was approximately 40 msec. A response was not obtained following stimulation of the nasal mucosa and disappeared following sectioning of the olfactory nerve. With increasing frequencies of repetitive stimulation, the amplitude was reduced, suggesting that the response was synaptically mediated. These results demonstrate that evoked potentials from the olfactory tract and the scalp following electrical stimulation of the olfactory mucosa originate specifically from the olfactory system. In humans, a stimulating electrode with a soft catheter was fixed on the olfactory mucosa. The OEP from the olfactory tract was recorded with a negative peak at approximately 27 msec, similar to characteristics found in dogs. The OEP from the olfactory tract in humans also originates specifically from the olfactory system. The OEP obtained by electrical stimulation of the olfactory mucosa may prove useful for intraoperative monitoring of olfactory functions.