Studies for clinical use of olfactory evoked potentials by electrical stimulating olfactory mucosa

在前窝附近手术后，一些患者会经历嗅觉功能的丧失。然而，对日常生活同样重要的嗅觉功能进行客观评价的方法尚未发展起来。通过电刺激狗和人的嗅觉粘膜获得嗅诱发电位（OEP），建立一种客观的评估嗅觉功能的方法。在狗身上，从嗅道和头皮记录了oep。第一个负峰的延迟时间约为40毫秒。刺激鼻黏膜后无反应，切除嗅神经后无反应。随着重复刺激频率的增加，振幅降低，表明反应是由突触介导的。这些结果表明，嗅觉粘膜电刺激后嗅觉束和头皮的诱发电位特异性地起源于嗅觉系统。在人类中，一个带有软导管的刺激电极被固定在嗅觉粘膜上。来自嗅道的OEP记录在大约27毫秒时出现负峰，与狗的特征相似。来自人类嗅道的OEP也特别起源于嗅觉系统。电刺激嗅觉粘膜获得的OEP可用于术中嗅觉功能的监测。

Following surgeon near the anterior fossa, some patients experience loss of olfactory functions. However, objective methods for evaluating olfactory functions, which are also important for daily living, have not yet been developed.The olfactory evoked potential (OEP) obtained by electrical stimulation of the olfactory mucosa was recorded in dogs and humans to develop an objective method for evaluating olfactory functions. In dogs, OEPs were recorded from the olfactory tract and the scalp. The latency of the first negative peak was approximately 40 msec. A response was not obtained following stimulation of the nasal mucosa and disappeared following sectioning of the olfactory nerve. With increasing frequencies of repetitive stimulation, the amplitude was reduced, suggesting that the response was synaptically mediated. These results demonstrate that evoked potentials from the olfactory tract and the scalp following electrical stimulation of the olfactory mucosa originate specifically from the olfactory system. In humans, a stimulating electrode with a soft catheter was fixed on the olfactory mucosa. The OEP from the olfactory tract was recorded with a negative peak at approximately 27 msec, similar to characteristics found in dogs. The OEP from the olfactory tract in humans also originates specifically from the olfactory system. The OEP obtained by electrical stimulation of the olfactory mucosa may prove useful for intraoperative monitoring of olfactory functions.