A Study of the origin of world renunciation and the relationship with the laity in Ancient India

古印度出离心的起源及其与俗人的关系研究

基本信息

批准号：
10410006
负责人：
HOSODA Noriaki
金额：
$ 3.65万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. The research makes clear the relationship between renunciants and laymen in Upanisad, Brahmana and Aranyaka literature, especially concerning Yajnavalkya and King Janaka. The Investigator researched rules and regulations of priesthood and royalty in Dharmasutra, renouncement and the four stages of Brahmin life in Vedanta philosophy.2. Renunciants in Early Buddhism were investigated focusing on the Margavarga of the Samyutagama compared with Pali Nikaya, Sanskrit Agama, Vinaya and Abhidharma Literature. Based upon this study an annoted Japanese translation of the Margavarga of the Samyutagama was completed. Although this varga contains stages of training for renunciants, mostly on thirty-seven Bodhyarigas, the last chapter is on four avetyaprasada which is common to laymen. Furthermore, existent Sanskrit Agama compared with Chinese Translation of Samyutagama shows they are not from the same source. Quotation concerning persons related to Mahayana Buddhism were also collected.3. Taking into account materials gathered during the course of this study and reviews of this research outside of Japan, it was made clear that the relationship between renunciants and laymen can be seen especially in Brhaddranyakopanisad and Buddhist Agamas. This relationship is deeply connected with the factors like geography, which was examined from the linguistic side as well. Concretely relationship between the Upanisads and Early Buddhist Texts, such as, Dhammapada, Agamas (e.g. the Brahmajala-sutra, the Srdmanya-sutrd) were to a certain degree clarified. These texts can be understood as a tradition of wisdom literature, which is also seen in Jain sacred books, Epics and Mahayana Sutras. Although both the Upanisads and Buddhist Agamas take a priest-centered position those contents are greatly developed by relations with laymen, and Mahayana Buddhism can be said to be representative of that development.

1。这项研究清楚地表明了Upanisad，Brahmana和Aranyaka文学的放松与外行之间的关系，尤其是与Yajnavalkya和Janaka国王有关。研究人员研究了佛法统治，放弃和婆罗门哲学中婆罗门生活的四个阶段的圣职和皇室规定。2。与帕利·尼卡亚（Pali Nikaya），梵文，维纳亚（Vinaya）和阿比达玛（Abhidharma）文学相比，研究了早期佛教的放弃，重点关注萨姆塔加玛（Samyutagama）的玛格瓦尔加（Margavarga）。基于这项研究，已完成了Samyutagama Margavarga的日语翻译。尽管该VARGA包含对租赁的训练阶段，主要是在三十七个Bodhyarigas上，但最后一章是在四个Avetyaprasada上，这是外行人共有的。此外，与萨米亚塔玛（Samyutagama）的中文翻译相比，存在的梵文Agama表明它们不是来自同一来源。还收集了有关与玛哈亚纳佛教有关的人的引号3。考虑到在这项研究过程中收集的材料以及对日本以外的这项研究的审查，可以清楚地表明，可以在Brhaddranyakopanisad和佛教Agamas中看到放松和外行之间的关系。这种关系与诸如地理之类的因素密切相关，地理也从语言方面进行了研究。在一定程度上，Upanisads与早期佛教文本之间的具体关系，例如Dhammapada，Agamas（例如Brahmajala-Sutra，Srdmanya-Sutrd）。这些文本可以被理解为智慧文学的传统，这也可以在Ja那教的圣书，史诗和Mahayana Sutras中看到。尽管Upanisads和佛教Agamas都以与外行关系的关系大大发展为以祭司为中心的立场，并且可以说大海亚佛教是代表这一发展的代表。