Study on the Avoidance Response in Asterina pectinifera to Solaster dawsoni

海燕对道索尼叶甲的回避反应研究

• 批准号: 10460094
• 负责人: NAMIKOSHI Michio
• 金额: $ 4.29万
• 依托单位: Tokyo University of Fisheries
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10460094/
• 关键词: Solaster dawsoni; Asterina pectinifera; allelochemicals; kairomone; protein; avoidance response; chemical ecology; 肛門排出液; 核酸; ペプチド; イノシン; グアノシン

Asterina pectinifera flees from the predator asteroid Solaster dawsoni before contact. This response is called an avoidance reaction. A. pectinifera is the only asteroid among marine fauna, which show the avoidance reaction. Several asteroids, such as Asterias rubens, show an escape response, which refer to the physical contact by the opponent to reject the predation.We have elucidated that the avoidance response in A. pectinifera is induced by biomolecules of S. dawsoni, and in the present research project, we aimed to develop a quantitative bioassay and isolation and purification of bioactive compounds responsible to the avoidance reaction.The bioactivity was quantified by measuring the following items : "lag time before avoidance response", "average speed of evasion", and "distance from the origin". Each item was evaluated by five grades, and the sum of grades of three items were categorized into four intensities of bioactivity (+++, ++, +, and -). A liquid (drip) obtained from S. dawsoni by freeze-thaw procedure elicited the strongest response (+++). The bioactivity of the drip was eliminated by Pronase E treatment. Bioactive substances were remained in the inner solution by the ultra filtration of 30,000. Separation by ammonium sulfate fractionation, gel filtration chromatography, and HPLC revealed that the avoidance response in A. pectinifera elicited by several proteinaceous compounds with molecular weight of around 100,000. As far as we can tell that this is the first report of allelochemicals having such larger molecular weights.In the course of the above study, we found that the aquarium water of A. pectinifera showed remedial and preventive effects on scaly area of human hands. Two polyhydroxysteroids and three steroidal saponins (pectiniosides A, B and C) were isolated as bioactive substances from the water extract of A. pectinifera.

梳状星盾藻在与掠食者小行星Solaster dawsoni接触前逃离。这种反应被称为回避反应。A.在海洋动物群中，只有海雀对小行星有回避反应。一些小行星，如Asterias rubens，表现出逃避反应，这是指与对手的身体接触，以拒绝捕食。pectinifera是由S. dawsoni的生物活性测定方法，并对与回避反应有关的活性物质进行分离纯化，通过测定回避反应前的滞后时间、回避反应的平均速度和与起点的距离等指标，对活性物质的生物活性进行定量分析。每个项目通过5个等级进行评价，3个项目的等级总和分为4个生物活性强度（+、++、+和-）。从S.冻融处理的Dawsoni引起最强的反应（+）。Pronase E处理可消除滴注液的生物活性。通过30，000的超滤将生物活性物质保留在内溶液中。通过硫酸铵分级分离、凝胶过滤层析和高效液相色谱分离，发现A. pectinifera由几种分子量约为100，000的蛋白质化合物引起。在上述研究过程中，我们发现，A.结果表明，果胶对人手部鳞屑区有一定的治疗和预防作用。从山茱萸水提物中分离得到2个多羟基甾体和3个甾体皂苷（果胶苷A、B和C）。果胶

项目成果

Kazuyo Ukai, et al.: "Prevention by Polyhydroxysteroids and Saponins of Asterina pectinifera of the Desquamation of Stratum Comeum Cells"Biosci. Biotech. Biochem.. 66巻. 913-915 (2002)

Kazuyo Ukai 等人：“海燕多羟基类固醇和皂苷预防角质层细胞脱皮”Biosci. Biochem. 66. 913-915 (2002)

Kazuyo Ukai, Shinji Kirihara, Yoshikazu Fujikawa, Masahiro Notoya, and Michio Namikoshi: "Identification of Two Nucleosides, Inosine and Guanosine, in the bioactive Fraction from Solaster dawsoni that Induced Escape Response in Asterina pectinifera"J. Tok

Kazuyo Ukai、Shinji Kirihara、Yoshikazu Fujikawa、Masahiro Notoya 和 Michio Namikoshi：“从海藻中诱导逃避反应的道索尼生物活性组分中两种核苷（肌苷和鸟苷）的鉴定”J.

Kazuyo Ukai, et al.: "Identification of Two Nucleosides, Inosine and Guanosine, in the Bioactive Fraction from Solaster dawsoni that Induced Escape Response in Asterina pectinifera"J. Tokyo Univ. Fisheries. 88巻. 7-13 (2002)

Kazuyo Ukai 等人：“从海藻中诱导逃逸反应的道索尼生物活性组分中肌苷和鸟苷的鉴定”J. Tokyo Univ. Vol. 88. 7-13 (2002)。

Kazuyo Ukai, Atsufumi Iwanaga, Hiroshi Nagai, and Michio Namikoshi: "Prevention by Polyhydroxysteroids and Saponins of Asterina pectinifera of the Desquamation of Stratum Comeum Cells"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.. 66(4). 913-915 (2002)

Kazuyo Ukai、Atsufumi Iwanaga、Hiroshi Nagai 和 Michio Namikoshi：“通过多羟基类固醇和海燕皂苷预防角质层细胞脱皮”Biosci。

Kazuyo Ukai, et al.: "Prevention by Polyhydroxysteroids and Saponins of Asterina pectinifera of the Desquamation of Stratum Comeum Cells"Biosci. Biotech. Biochem.. 66(印刷中). (2002)

Kazuyo Ukai 等人：“海燕多羟基类固醇和皂苷预防角质层细胞脱皮”Biosci.Biochem.66（出版中）。