Studies on the Structure and Function of Autotomy Promoting Factor in Sea Stars

海星自残促进因子的结构与功能研究

• 批准号: 15380140
• 负责人: NAMIKOSHI Michio
• 金额: $ 9.79万
• 依托单位: Tohoku Pharmaceutical University (2006)Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology (2004-2005)東京水産大学 (2003)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15380140/
• 关键词: autotomy; Asterias amurensis; autotomy promoting factor; APF; scalded body fluid; regeneration; muscle contraction; chemical ecology; マヒトデ; コラーゲン組織; 神経系; キヒトデ; 自切促進因子

A few species of asteroids living in the coast area of Japan, such as Asterias amurensis, Coscinasterias acutispina, Distolasterias nippon and Aphelasterias japonica, are known to amputate their arms when they are attacked by predators or physically wounded on arms. This phenomenon is called autotomy, and the same process can be artificially generated by physical, electric or thermal shock. The body fluid, obtained by the artificial autotomy, promoted the amputation of an arm of the same species when injected in a coelom. The substance in this fluid was named as autotomy promoting factor (APF), but the chemical structure of APF has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the biological process of autotomy and structure of APF.Body fluids obtained by thermal shock were injected in the same species and observed an amputation of the injected arms. This bioassay was used for the study. A. amurensis of Tokyo Bay were more sensitive than those of Mutsu Bay. Autotomy began with softening of aboral side, and simultaneously, the muscles between ambulacral plates were contracted and separated at the autotomy plane. The injected arm was then settled on the bottom by tube feet and the rest of four arms moved toward the opposite direction to tear off the injected arm.Isolation of APF was studied using scalded body fluids of A. amurensis collected in Tokyo Bay. Body fluids were separated by a size exclusion column followed by repeated HPLC. Promotion of autotomy was detected for one fraction, which showed a single peak. This substance is an extremely minor component, and HPLC separation was repeated many times to obtain enough amounts to measure the ^1H and ^<13>C NMR spectra. Although the final structure is still under identification, this substance is revealed to be a derivative of nicotinamide.

众所周知，居住在日本海岸地区的几种小行星，例如阿美氏菌，coscinasterias acutispina，distolasterias nippon和aphelasterias japonica，在捕食者或身体受伤的手臂上受到攻击时，可以截断它们的手臂。这种现象称为自动切开术，可以通过物理，电或热休克人为地产生相同的过程。通过人造自动切开术获得的体液在注射腔室时促进了同一物种的臂截肢。该液体中的物质被称为自动切开术促进因子（APF），但尚未阐明APF的化学结构。在这项研究中，我们研究了通过热休克获得的APF液体和APF结构的生物学过程，并在同一物种中注射，并观察到注射臂的截肢。该生物测定用于研究。东京湾的A. amurensis比Mutsu湾更敏感。自动切开术始于使大气侧的软化，同时，在自动切开术平面上收缩并分离托运板之间的肌肉。然后用管脚将注射的手臂沉降到底部，其余四只手臂向相反的方向移动以撕下注入的臂。APF的分离是使用在东京湾收集的A. amurensis的烫伤体液进行了研究。通过尺寸排除柱将体液分离，然后重复进行HPLC。检测到一个馏分的自动切开术的促进，这显示了一个峰。该物质是极少的成分，重复HPLC分离以获得足够的量以测量 ^1H和 ^<13> C NMR光谱。尽管最终结构仍在识别中，但该物质被发现是烟酰胺的衍生物。

项目成果

Isolation of an Autotomy-Promoting Factor from a Japanese Sea Star

从日本海星中分离出自残促进因子

• 期刊: Proceeding of the 12^<th> International Echinoderm Conference (印刷中)
• 作者: K.Ukai;T.Nakazawa;M.Namikoshi
• 通讯作者: M.Namikoshi

Isolation of an Autotomy-Promoting Factor from a Japanese Sea Star Asterias amurensis

从日本海星紫苑中分离自切促进因子

• 期刊: Proceeding of the 12^<th> International Echinoderm Conference (印刷中)
• 作者: K.Ukai;T.Nakazawa;M.Namikoshi
• 通讯作者: M.Namikoshi