Mechanistic studies on reproductive toxicity and neurotoxicity of alternatives to chlorofluorocarbons and their risk assessment

(1)2-溴丙烷对雌性生殖毒性的研究用Wistar雌性大鼠进行的实验表明，卵巢功能的破坏是由于原始卵泡及其卵母细胞的凋亡所致。(2)2-溴丙烷对雄性生殖毒性的研究。1-溴丙烷的神经毒性和生殖毒性研究：Wistar雄性大鼠12周的神经毒性和生殖毒性研究表明，1-溴丙烷的神经毒性和生殖毒性呈剂量依赖性，并在精子发生的最后阶段干扰精子的发育。此外，1-溴丙烷还修饰了脑组织中的SH-碱，降低了肌酸激酶活性。(4)溴丙烷工厂工人的剂量-效应关系研究。2-溴丙烷工厂的调查没有显示出像韩国病例那样严重的生殖和造血功能中断。然而，不能否认对造血系统产生不良影响的可能性。对1-溴丙烷工厂的调查表明，1-溴丙烷可能会损害人体的外周神经，浓度为几十ppm。

(1) Study on female reproductive toxicity of 2-bromopropane.Experiments using Wistar female rats revealed that disruption of ovary function was due to the destruction through apoptosis of primordial follicle and its oocyte.(2) Study on male reproductive toxicity of 2-bromopropane.The experiments using Wistar male rats revealed the primary adverse effect on spermatogonia and secondary apoptosis of spermatocyte. Decrease in Bcl-2 and increase in Bax were thought to induce primary apoptosis of spermatogonia, and the increase in Fas might induce secondary apoptosis of spermatocyte.(3) Study on neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicity of 1-bromopropane.A twelve-weeks study using Wistar male rats revealed that 1-bromopropane is dose-dependently neurotoxic and disrupts spermiation at the final step of spermatogenesis. In addition, 1-bromopropane modified SH-base in brain and decreased creatine kinase activity.(4) Study on dose-effect relationship in bromopropane factory workers.The investigation of 2-bromopropane factory did not show so severe disruption of reproductive and hematopoietic function as seen in the Korean cases. However, the possibility of adverse effects on hematopoiesis could not be disproved. The investigation of the 1-bromopropane factory showed that 1-bromopropane might impair peripheral nerves in humans at several dozen ppm.