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Mechanism that make a positional information in the animal body

在动物体内产生位置信息的机制

基本信息

批准号：
10480210
负责人：
KONDO Shigeru
金额：
$ 4.61万
依托单位：
The University of Tokushima
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To accomplish animal morphogenesis correctly, cells in the embryo must know where they are. In 1952, Turing presented an epoch-making mathematical model to answer the question. His idea, called the reaction-diffusion model, explains the autonomous creation of the positional information in the animal body. In spite of the mathematical beauty of the model, few experimental biologists had paid attentions to the model for more than 40 years because of the lack of biological evidence. In 1995, we (Kondo et al) have found that the pattern alteration of some fish is predictable by the Turing model, that is the first reliable evidence for the Turing pattern in the field of biology. In this research project, we aimed to identify the molecular identity of the hypothetical molecular reaction.Results1. To know how general is the phenomena found in the skin of marine angelfish (Pomacanthus), we investigate the time course of the skin pattern alteration with some other fish and other vertebrates. We found that the several species of fish, frog, lizart have skin patterns changing in the manner that Turing's model predicts. It is highly possible that skin patterns of vertebrates are made by the common mechanism, the reaction-diffusion system.2. To get the information about the genetic control of the skin pattern of zebrafish, we made the hybrid fish between the skin pattern mutant lines.One of the significant results came from the crosses of leopard gene mutants. All the different skin patterns of the alleles and hybrids are predictable by the computer simulation based on the Turing model. The leopard gene must be one of the core element of the Turing reaction. We are now planning to isolate the gene.3. Recently we found that the skin pattern of a catfish (plecostoms) can be changed by the stimulation of some organic solvents. This finding makes it possible to find directly the chemicals that affect the reaction-diffusion.

为了正确完成动物的形态发生，胚胎中的细胞必须知道它们在哪里。1952年，图灵提出了一个划时代的数学模型来回答这个问题。他的想法被称为反应扩散模型，解释了动物体内位置信息的自主创造。尽管该模型具有数学上的美感，但由于缺乏生物学证据，40多年来很少有实验生物学家关注该模型。1995年，我们（Kondo等人）发现某些鱼类的模式变化是可以用图灵模型预测的，这是图灵模式在生物学领域的第一个可靠证据。在本研究中，我们的目的是确定的分子的同一性，假设的分子反应。为了了解海洋神仙鱼（Pomacanthus）皮肤中发现的现象有多普遍，我们调查了一些其他鱼类和其他脊椎动物皮肤图案变化的时间过程。我们发现，几种鱼、青蛙、蜥蜴的皮肤图案都以图灵模型预测的方式变化。脊椎动物的皮肤花纹很可能是由共同的机制--反应-扩散系统形成的.为了了解斑马鱼皮纹的遗传控制，我们利用皮纹突变系进行杂交，其中一个重要的结果来自于豹基因突变体的杂交。所有不同的皮肤模式的等位基因和杂交是可预测的计算机模拟的基础上的图灵模型。豹基因一定是图灵反应的核心元素之一。我们现在正计划分离该基因。最近我们发现，鲶鱼（plecostoms）的皮肤图案可以改变一些有机溶剂的刺激。这一发现使得直接找到影响反应扩散的化学物质成为可能。