Contrastive Studies of Grammaticalization and Categorization in East Asian Languages

本研究的目的是通过对语法形式、意义和范畴之间关系的观察，揭示东亚语言中语法化和范畴化现象的一般趋势和特殊变化。我们的团队由七名研究人员组成：上面提到的六人，以及国立日本语研究所首席研究员井上胜。我们每年举行两次会议，然后在日本或国外的会议或学术期刊上发表该协会的成果。东京外国语大学的藏语语言学专家Hoshi Izumi参加了这些会议。我们的第一个研究课题是“语态的结构和分类”，木村教授研究了汉语使役结构和处置结构，井上教授研究了汉语使役结构的类型及其被否定时的表现， 关于我们 Washio对中古蒙古语动结式的研究，Ogoshi对蒙古语复合动词的两种竞争形式的研究。这些研究揭示了一些主要的相似之处，但也揭示了每种语言在语态分类方面的特殊行为。第二个主题是“主观性的语言分类”。对杨开荣先生的日语“莫”和汉语“也”进行了对比研究，并对“V+都”结构进行了描写。Murakami（Le货车Cu）在越南语中的“c +量词”对这些语言中的范围和量化语义学有了新的见解。Lamarre的研究描述了广东客家语中的助词曾如何从一个连接词语法化，Inoue的研究比较了汉语的“是吗？和日语so desu ka/so ka/so nan desu ka的对比分析表明，汉语和日语等类型学上相距甚远的语言在句末助词的语法化及其语用功能方面可能具有非常相似的策略。少

The aim of our research was, through the observation of the correlations between grammatical forms, meaning and categories, to shed light upon general tendencies and particular variations in grammaticalization and categorization phenomena that occur in East Asian languages. Our team consisted of seven researchers : the six mentioned above, and INOUE Masaru, Chief Researcher at the National Institute for the Japanese Language. We met twice a year, and the results of this association were then presented at conferences or academic journals in Japan or abroad. HOSHI Izumi, a specialist of Tibetan linguistics at Tokyo University of Foreign Languages, was associated to these meetings. We give below a short (and not exhaustive) summary of our results.The first subject of our research was "the structuring and categorization of voice", treated by Kimura about Chinese causative and 'disposal' constructions, by Inoue about various types of causatives in Chinese and their behavior when negated, by … More Washio about resultative constructions in Middle Mongolian, and by Ogoshi about two competing forms of compound verbs in 〜hata. These studies brought to light some major similarities, but also the particular behavior of each language concerning the categorization of voice.The second theme addresses 'the linguistic categorization of subjectivity'. A contrastive study on Japanese mo and Chinese ye by Yang Kairong, and a description of the construction 'V+du?c + quantifier' in Vietnamese by Murakami (Le Van Cu) gave new insights on the semantics of scope and quantification in these languages. Lamarre's study, which described how sentence-final particle TSANG grammaticalized from a connective in Guangdong Hakka, and Inoue's, which compared Chinese shi ma? and Japanese so desu ka/so ka/so nan desu ka, show that languages typologically distant such as Chinese and Japanese may have very similar strategies concerning the grammaticalization of sentence-final particles and their pragmatic functions. Less