Plant-pollinator systems in heterostylous plant species : from genes to landscapes

异柱植物物种中的植物传粉系统：从基因到景观

• 批准号: 11440227
• 负责人: WASHITANI Izumi
• 金额: $ 6.59万
• 依托单位: THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO (2000-2002)University of Tsukuba (1999)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11440227/
• 关键词: Primula sieboldii; Bombus diversus diversus; Primula kisoana; Heterostyly; Plant-pollinator systems; Pollinator; ユキワリソウ; 送粉共生系; 遺云子流動; オオサクラソウ; ポリネーター; 人工授粉; アサザ

1) Flower visitation by Bombus diversus queens, stigmatic pollen load, and patterns of pollen carryover were measured under semi-natural experimental systems. It was revealed that spatial structure of Primula sieboldii population strongly affects pollination patterns by the bumblebee queens. Patterns of gene flow through both pollen and seeds were analyzed in natural and experimental populations of P. sieboldii in Hokkaido and central Honshu. According to the results, gene flow patterns depending on spatial structure of the population and interacted pollinator visitation were modeled.2) In natural populations of P. sieboldii in Hokkaido, seed set was limited in small or pollinator-limited populations due to pollen limitation. A hand-pollination experiment to simulate population fragmentation revealed that decrease in the possibility of multiple-donor pollination can lower progeny viability through germination failure and that selfed progeny produced by the long-styled self-compatible i … More ndividuals under pollinator limitation may not contribute successfully to the next generation due to strong inbreeding depression. It was revealed that the solitude of isolated plant population causes reproductive failure through pollination failure.3) Population spatial structure, flower visiting insects, seed set, and heterostylous characteristics of Primula jesoana, P. modesta, and P. kisoana, which are closely related with P. sieboldii were investigated in natural habitats. It was revealed that self- and intra-morph pollinations are incompatible and that effective pollinators are needed to set seeds in these species.4) Evaluation of pollination efficiency on the basis of data from a study for plant-pollinator systems on the scale of ecological community revealed the effectiveness of bumblebees as pollinators in a northern maritime grassland.5) A telemeter for bumblebees was not able to be developed because of the shortage of technical experts. However, we could find natural colonies of Bombus diversus. Analysis of the number of times of entrance and exit of the workers and pollen loads revealed the foraging profile and the development pattern of the colony.6) These results of the present study scaling from genes to landscapes can help designing plans for conservation and restoration of biological interactions between heterostylous plant species and their pollinators. Less

1)在半自然实验系统中，测定了蜂王的访花次数、柱头花粉载量和花粉携带方式。结果表明，天山报春种群的空间结构对蜂王的授粉方式有很大影响。在北海道和本州中部的自然种群和实验种群中，分析了花粉和种子中的基因流模式。2)在北海道天牛自然种群中，由于花粉的限制，种子在小种群或传粉者受限的种群中的结实率很低。一项模拟种群分裂的手工授粉实验表明，多供体授粉可能性的降低会通过种子萌发失败而降低后代的存活率，而长花柱自交亲和I…产生的自交后代由于强烈的近亲繁殖抑制，在传粉者限制下的更多个体可能不会成功地贡献给下一代。3)在自然生境条件下，调查了与大叶报春花密切相关的报春花、报春花和报春花的种群空间结构、访花昆虫、结实率和异花柱特征。结果表明，自体授粉和内授粉是不相容的，需要有效的传粉者才能在这些物种中授粉。4)根据生态群落规模的植物-传粉者系统研究的数据进行授粉效率评估，揭示了熊蜂作为传粉者在北方海洋草原的有效性。5)由于缺乏技术专家，未能开发出熊蜂遥测仪。然而，我们可以找到熊蜂的自然聚居地。通过对工蚁进退次数和花粉载量的分析，揭示了该种群的觅食分布和发育规律。6)本研究的结果有助于设计异花柱植物与其传粉者之间生物互作的保护和恢复方案。较少

项目成果

Ueno, S., Y.Tsumura, I.Washitani: "Development of microsatellite markers in Primula sieboldii E. Morren, a threatened Japanese perennial herb"Conservation Genetics. (in press). (2003)

Ueno, S., Y.Tsumura, I.Washitani：“西氏报春花（一种受威胁的日本多年生草本植物）微卫星标记的开发”保护遗传学。

I.Washitani: "Creeping 'fruitless falls' : reproductive failure in heterostylous plants in fragmented landscapes"The Biology of Biodiversity (M. Kato ed.) (Springer-Verlag). (1999)

I.Washitani：“爬行‘无结果的瀑布’：支离破碎的景观中异柱植物的繁殖失败”《生物多样性生物学》（M. Kato 编辑）（Springer-Verlag）。

鷲谷いづみ: "生物保全の生態学"共立出版. 182 (1999)

鹫屋泉：《生物保护生态学》Kyoritsu Shuppan 182 (1999)。

Matsumura, C. and I. Washitani: "Heterostylous morph differences in pollen transfer and deposition patterns in Primula sieboldii on a visitation by a queen bumblebee, measured with a semi-natural experimental system"Plant Species Biology. 17-1. 1-12 (2002

Matsumura, C. 和 I. Washitani：“利用半自然实验系统测量了大黄蜂蜂王造访时西氏报春花粉转移和沉积模式的异柱形态差异”《植物物种生物学》。

Ueno, S., Y.Tsumura, I.Washitani: "An AFLP-based cost-effective method to synthesize fluorescently-labeled DNA size standards"Biotechnique. (in press). (2003)

Ueno, S., Y.Tsumura, I.Washitani：“一种基于 AFLP 的经济有效的方法来合成荧光标记的 DNA 大小标准”生物技术。