Soil seed bank : its dynamics and roles in maintaining populations and vegetations

土壤种子库：其动态及其在维持种群和植被方面的作用

• 批准号: 08454249
• 负责人: WASHITANI Izumi
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08454249/
• 关键词: soil seed bank; device; constant soil moisture; restration; dredged soil; soil temperature; dormancy; germination dynamics; seedling emergence method; 浚渫工; 種子; 土壌シ-ドバンク; 発芽; 休眠; 温度; 水分; 低温; 変温

A simple experimental device was designed, in which seeds can be exposed to natural fluctuation of surface soil temperature under a constant soil moisture condition maintained by an automatic water supply system based on Mariotte-siphon principle. Except for the period during summer drought, surface soil temperature at the depth of 5 cm and its fluctuation within the device were largely similar to the temperature of the surface soil subjected to natural fluctuation of moisture. The device was demonstrated to be very useful in the study of soil seed banks in several types of riparian and moist habitats. In order to predict species-specific potential to form persistent soil seed banks and to characterize their dynamics, the dormancy/germination traits of the seeds of seven Persicaria species sharing the lakeshore habitats of central Japan were examined at constant and alternating temperatures after 0 to 6-wk moist chilling. Simultaneously, germination and dormancy states of the seeds placed under a outdoor condition in the device for various length of the time from 1-12 months were analyzed for these species.

设计了一种简单的实验装置，利用基于Mariotte虹吸原理的自动供水系统维持恒定的土壤水分，使种子暴露在土壤表层温度的自然波动中。除夏季干旱期间外，装置内5cm深度处的表层土壤温度及其波动与受水分自然波动影响的表层土壤温度基本相似。该装置被证明是非常有用的研究土壤种子库在几种类型的河岸和潮湿的栖息地。为了预测物种形成持久性土壤种子库的特定潜力并表征其动态，在0至6周的恒定和交替温度下检查了共享日本中部湖岸栖息地的7种Persicaria种子的休眠/萌发特征。-wk潮湿寒冷。同时，这些物种的发芽和休眠状态的种子放置在室外条件下的设备从1-12个月的不同长度的时间进行了分析。

项目成果

Washitani,I.,A.Takenaka,N.Kuramoto K.Inoue: "Aster Kantoensis kitam.,an endangered flood plain endemic plant in Japan its ability to form persistent soil seed banlcs" Biological Conservation.82. 67-72 (1997)

Washitani，I.，A.Takenaka，N.Kuramoto K.Inoue：“Aster Kantoensis kitam。，日本濒临灭绝的洪泛区特有植物，其形成持久土壤种子块的能力”生物保护。82。

Inoue, K.: "Identification of conservation measures to protect the Japanese endegered plant species Aster kantoensis." Ecological Research. 13. 141-149 (1998)

Inoue, K.：“确定保护日本濒危植物关东紫菀的保护措施。”

鷲谷いづみ: "地域生態系をおびやかす帰化生物" 日経サイエンス. 6月号. 50-59 (1996)

Izumi Washiya：“威胁当地生态系统的自然化生物”《日经科学》6 月号（1996 年）。

Araki, S., S.Shiozawa and I.Washitani: "An experimental device for studying seed responses to naturally fluctuating temperature of surface soil under a constant water table." Functional Ecology. 12. 492-499 (1998)

Araki, S.、S.Shiozawa 和 I.Washitani：“一种实验装置，用于研究恒定地下水位下种子对表层土壤自然波动温度的反应。”

Oshima,K.et al.: "Spatial and seasonal patterns of microsite light auailability in the ccnservation Arisaemo heterophyllum,a threatened plant species" Journal of Plant Research. 110. 321-327 (1997)

Oshima,K.et al.：“受威胁植物物种 Arisaemohetoriphyllum 保护区微站点光可用性的空间和季节模式”植物研究杂志。