A Study on Development of Temporally Neighborhood in Quake Reconstruction

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The aim of this study is to find the way to reconstruct residenti al area tentatively after earthquake disaster. For achieving the aim, we set three research targets ;1) to explore the conditions of private temporary housing after Hanshin-Awaji Earth Quake2) to develop new type of temporary housing, which can grow to permanent house and3) to examine the way to promote the tentative reconstruction.We have done surveys three times, which obtained the geographical distribution of private temporary housing (PTH) in damaged area by Hanshin-Awaji quake. Furthermore, a questionnaire research which investigated life of the inhabitants of PTH.As the result, we identified eight kinds of PTH ; prefabrication (type 1), prefabrication (type 2), Super house, container, barrack, mobile house, imported temporary housing unit and semi-permanent house.In December 1997 there were 2719 PTHs identified and in July 2000 1654 PTHs identified. Until July 2000, 5073 PTHs were constructed after the quake totally, where 5513 households lived. The number of PTH which identified in 2000 meets to 6〜9% of the number of compretely damaged housing in Kobe.By questionnaire research, it was found that many people who constructed PTH hoped to live where they used to live before the quake. They, however, were not able to live in public housing because they lose the lottery for allocation. So they had to construct PTH in order to restart their life as before the quake.Many of PTHs are small and low quality to live. So we proposed growing PTH.The growing PTH is firstly built at the size of 30〜60 m^2. After that it is gradually expanded. The system of growing PTH could save the money, time and materials for building.