Thermo-mechanical de-icing

热机械除冰

• 批准号: 456102901
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Markus Böl
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Mechanik und Adaptronik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/456102901?language=en
• 关键词: Thermo; mechanical; de; icing

The removal of ice deposits on aerodynamic surfaces is a frequent challenge in aviation, which jeopardises flight safety. On the other hand, ice deposition is also a concern for stationary installations on the ground, such as wind turbines. To solve this problem, especially for modern lightweight construction with fibre composites, a novel de-icing concept is being developed. The concept is based on the working principle of shape memory alloys (SMA). The ring-shaped SMA wire is embedded in an elastomer. The alloy is activated by heat, causing the ring to contract. The contraction thus produced causes the elastomer to bulge. The heat of the thermal activation additionally increases the surface temperature and thus reduces the adhesive strength. By superimposing the mechanical (bulging) and thermal effect (temperature increase), the deposited ice is to be removed more easily and efficiently. If the heating is interrupted, the SMA wire is no longer active and cools down. Due to the spring force of the elastomer, the SMA wire deforms back to its initial position after the phase transformation.The aim of this project is to investigate in detail the concept for a thermo-mechanical de-icing system with regard to functional conformity. The elastomer and SMA must interact harmoniously in the new de-icing principle. This requires the temporal and spatial coupling of thermal and mechanical effects.Due to the unique coupled thermal and mechanical properties, SMA offers a natural hybrid de-icing system. With this project we want to thoroughly investigate the mechanisms that influence performance. This includes the improvement of individual influencing parameters such as the thermal conductivity and stiffness of the elastomer, the increase of the working frequency of the SMA. Furthermore, the new functional models will be investigated under aerodynamic load.

空气动力表面积冰的清除是航空领域经常遇到的挑战，它危及飞行安全。另一方面，对于地面上的固定装置，如风力涡轮机，冰沉积也是一个问题。为了解决这个问题，特别是对于现代轻量化的纤维复合材料结构，一种新的除冰概念正在开发中。该概念基于形状记忆合金（SMA）的工作原理。环形SMA钢丝嵌入弹性体中。合金受热激活，使环收缩。这样产生的收缩使弹性体膨胀。热活化产生的热量又增加了表面温度，从而降低了粘接强度。通过机械（胀形）和热效应（温度升高）的叠加作用，可以更容易、更有效地去除沉积的冰。如果加热中断，SMA电线不再活动并冷却下来。由于弹性体的弹簧力，SMA丝在相变后会变形回初始位置。本项目的目的是详细研究热机械除冰系统在功能一致性方面的概念。在新的除冰原理中，弹性体和SMA必须和谐地相互作用。这需要热效应和力学效应在时间和空间上的耦合。由于其独特的热和机械耦合性能，SMA提供了一种天然的混合除冰系统。在这个项目中，我们希望彻底研究影响性能的机制。这包括提高弹性体的热导率和刚度等单个影响参数，提高SMA的工作频率。此外，还将对气动载荷下的新功能模型进行研究。