Development of a three-dimensional model of structural and functional changes during skeletal muscle growth: Experiment, simulation and validation

骨骼肌生长过程中结构和功能变化的三维模型的开发：实验、模拟和验证

• 批准号: 316485047
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Markus Böl
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung für Bewegungs- und Trainingswissenschaft
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/316485047?language=en
• 关键词: Development; three; dimensional; model; structural

During growth muscle tissue is subjected to extensive structural and mechanical changes. Thereby, the increase of muscle force is related to the adaptation of the three-dimensional muscle geometry and the material behaviour of the muscle. The whole growth process happens while retaining the muscle function. The essential condition for the understanding and the modelling of growth is the acquisition of the structural and mechanical changes. Aim of the project is the development and validation of a growth model for skeletal muscles. This aim is ensured by two interacting steps, that are characterised by a tight complexity between experiment and modelling. The first project phase deals with the development of a growth model for the simple structured rabbit m. soleus. Rooted on experiments, we identify at 10 different animal ages (between the 4th and the 20th week of life) specific muscle parameters. This experimental work comprises the determination of the active muscle characteristics, the passive tissue behaviour, the muscle deformation during contraction, the three-dimensional muscle architecture, as well as the immunohistologic analysis of the muscle tissue. Based on these experimental results, growth kinetics for various state variables (e.g. pennation angle, tissue stiffness, fibre typ) will be identified, which will be used in a subsequent step for the development of the growth models (for muscle, aponeuroses, and tendon tissue). The model validation occurs on experimental force and deformation data that have been imposed from dynamic muscle contraction experiments for all muscle ages. In a second project phase the growth model will be verified on the much more complex m. plantaris. This multi-pennate muscle is characterised by a complex fibre architecture combined with inner tendon sheaths as well as an inhomogeneous fibre type distribution. A successful development and validation of the growth models as planed in this project would accelerate the knowledge concerning the growth behaviour of skeletal muscles in a distinct way. The knowledge of structural changes and contractile characteristics is a crucial requirement for a deeper understanding of muscle shape changes and the differentiation during growth. An adequate growth model allows the studying of state variables inside the muscle (e.g. inner pressure, stresses, fibre orientation) as well as their change during growth. This could lead to a better understanding of biomechanical relations. Furthermore, the successful development of growth models could be a basis to answer open evolutionary-biological questions like the three-dimensional arrangement (assembly of muscles in muscle packages) and the growth of extremities.

在生长过程中，肌肉组织受到广泛的结构和力学变化。因此，肌肉力量的增加与三维肌肉几何形状的适应和肌肉的材料行为有关。整个生长过程是在保持肌肉功能的同时进行的。对生长的理解和建模的必要条件是获得结构和力学变化。该项目的目的是开发和验证骨骼肌的生长模型。这一目标是通过两个相互作用的步骤来确保的，这两个步骤的特点是实验和建模之间的紧密复杂性。第一个项目阶段涉及简单结构兔m. soleus生长模型的开发。基于实验，我们确定了10个不同年龄的动物（在生命的第4周到第20周之间）的特定肌肉参数。这项实验工作包括确定肌肉的主动特征，被动组织行为，肌肉在收缩过程中的变形，肌肉的三维结构，以及肌肉组织的免疫组织学分析。基于这些实验结果，将确定各种状态变量（例如，笔角，组织刚度，纤维类型）的生长动力学，这将用于开发生长模型的后续步骤（用于肌肉，腱膜和肌腱组织）。模型验证是在所有肌肉年龄的动态肌肉收缩实验中施加的实验力和变形数据上进行的。在第二个项目阶段，该生长模型将在更为复杂的植物上进行验证。这种多腱肌的特点是具有复杂的纤维结构，与内腱鞘相结合，纤维类型分布不均匀。如本项目所计划的那样，成功开发和验证生长模型将以一种独特的方式加速有关骨骼肌生长行为的知识。结构变化和收缩特征的知识是深入了解肌肉形状变化和生长过程中的分化的关键要求。适当的生长模型允许研究肌肉内部的状态变量（例如内部压力，应力，纤维方向）以及它们在生长过程中的变化。这将有助于更好地理解生物力学关系。此外，生长模型的成功发展可能是回答开放的进化生物学问题的基础，如三维排列（肌肉在肌肉包中的组装）和四肢的生长。