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Plant xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme genes for phytoremeditation of environmental endocrine disruptors

用于环境内分泌干扰物植物修复的植物外源代谢酶基因

基本信息

批准号：
11460046
负责人：
OHKAWA Hideo
金额：
$ 9.47万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Contamination of the environment and agricultural products with environmental endocrine disruptors is a serious global problem. These chemicals were found in the environment and agricultural products at nano-level concentrations, and are suspected of affecting ecosystems and human health. Therefore, it is requested to develop novel technologies to remove contamination by nano-level concentrations of environmental endocrine disruptors, since most conventional technologies are high cost, take a long time to obtain results, and do not work effectively to remove contamination of nano-level chemicals. Certain plant species are grounding and have deep roots. These plants absorb and accumulate nano-level concentrations of environmental chemicals from a wide area through their root systems. On the other hand, it was found that certain enzymatic systems including cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) monooxygenases recognize and metabolize lipophilic xenobiotics. We attempted to clone genes coding for … More enzymes which metabolize environmental endocrine disruptors and to evaluate them for phytoremediation.(1) Tobacco CYP71A11 gene was induced by the treatment with 2,4-D, bromoxynil and others to produce the CYP71A11 enzyme, which catalyzed N-demethylation of the herbicide chlorotoluron. Thus, CYP71A11 enzyme seemed to be important for the herbicide selectivity and resistance. Also, we have identified bromoxynil-response cis element in the promoter region of the CYP71A11 gene.(2) Rice CYP72A18 cDNA was cloned and expressed in yeast. Yeast microsomes containing CYP72A11 enzyme metabolized the herbicide pelargonic acid. Thus, CYP72A11 was found to catalyze ω-1 hydroxylation of the herbicide pelargonic acid.(3) The Lolium biotype WLR2 showing multiple herbicide cross-resistance specifically expressed CYP71R4 gene. Then, CYP71R4 cDNA was cloned and expressed in yeast. Yeast microsomes containing CYP71R4 enzyme metabolized the herbicide chlorotoluron. Thus, CYP71R4 was found to be involved in herbicide cross-resistance. Less

环境内分泌干扰物对环境和农产品的污染是一个严重的全球性问题。这些化学物质在环境和农产品中被发现具有纳米级浓度，并被怀疑会影响生态系统和人类健康。因此，需要开发新的技术来去除纳米级浓度的环境内分泌干扰物的污染，因为大多数传统技术成本高、需要很长时间才能获得结果，并且不能有效地去除纳米级化学品的污染。某些植物物种是接地的并且有很深的根。这些植物通过根系从大范围吸收并积累纳米级浓度的环境化学物质。另一方面，发现包括细胞色素P450（P450或CYP）单加氧酶在内的某些酶系统能够识别和代谢亲脂性外源物质。我们试图克隆编码代谢环境内分泌干扰物的酶的基因，并评估它们的植物修复作用。(1)烟草CYP71A11基因通过2,4-D、溴苯腈等处理诱导产生CYP71A11酶，催化除草剂绿麦隆的N-去甲基化。因此，CYP71A11酶似乎对于除草剂选择性和抗性很重要。我们还鉴定了CYP71A11基因启动子区的溴苯腈响应顺式元件。(2)克隆了水稻CYP72A18 cDNA并在酵母中表达。含有 CYP72A11 酶的酵母微粒体代谢除草剂壬酸。因此,发现CYP72A11能够催化除草剂壬酸的ω-1羟基化。(3)表现出多种除草剂交叉抗性的黑麦草生物型WLR2特异性表达CYP71R4基因。然后，CYP71R4 cDNA被克隆并在酵母中表达。含有 CYP71R4 酶的酵母微粒体代谢除草剂绿麦隆。因此，发现CYP71R4参与除草剂交叉抗性。较少的