Plant xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme genes for phytoremeditation of environmental endocrine disruptors

环境内分泌干扰物对环境和农产品的污染是一个严重的全球性问题。这些化学品在环境和农产品中的浓度达到纳米级，并被怀疑影响生态系统和人类健康。因此，需要开发新的技术来去除纳米级浓度的环境内分泌干扰物的污染，因为大多数常规技术成本高，需要很长时间才能获得结果，并且不能有效地去除纳米级化学品的污染。某些植物物种扎根并有很深的根。这些植物通过它们的根系吸收和积累来自大面积的纳米级浓度的环境化学物质。另一方面，发现某些酶系统包括细胞色素P450（P450或P453）单加氧酶识别和代谢亲脂性异生物质。我们试图克隆编码 关于我们 代谢环境内分泌干扰物的酶，并评估它们的植物修复。(1)烟草CYP 71 A11基因经2，4-D、溴苯腈等诱导后产生CYP 71 A11酶，该酶催化除草剂绿麦隆的N-脱甲基化。因此，CYP 71 A11酶可能对除草剂的选择性和抗性起重要作用。此外，我们已经确定了溴苯腈反应顺式元件的启动子区的CYP 71 A11基因。(2)克隆水稻CYP 72 A18 cDNA并在酵母中表达。含有CYP 72 A11酶的酵母微粒体代谢除草剂壬酸。因此，发现CYP 72 A11催化除草剂壬酸的ω-1羟基化。(3)具有多重除草剂交互抗性的黑麦草生物型WLR 2特异表达CYP 71 R4基因。然后克隆CYP 71 R4 cDNA并在酵母中表达。含有CYP 71 R4酶的酵母微粒体代谢除草剂绿麦隆。因此，CYP 71 R4被发现参与除草剂交叉抗性。少

Contamination of the environment and agricultural products with environmental endocrine disruptors is a serious global problem. These chemicals were found in the environment and agricultural products at nano-level concentrations, and are suspected of affecting ecosystems and human health. Therefore, it is requested to develop novel technologies to remove contamination by nano-level concentrations of environmental endocrine disruptors, since most conventional technologies are high cost, take a long time to obtain results, and do not work effectively to remove contamination of nano-level chemicals. Certain plant species are grounding and have deep roots. These plants absorb and accumulate nano-level concentrations of environmental chemicals from a wide area through their root systems. On the other hand, it was found that certain enzymatic systems including cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) monooxygenases recognize and metabolize lipophilic xenobiotics. We attempted to clone genes coding for … More enzymes which metabolize environmental endocrine disruptors and to evaluate them for phytoremediation.(1) Tobacco CYP71A11 gene was induced by the treatment with 2,4-D, bromoxynil and others to produce the CYP71A11 enzyme, which catalyzed N-demethylation of the herbicide chlorotoluron. Thus, CYP71A11 enzyme seemed to be important for the herbicide selectivity and resistance. Also, we have identified bromoxynil-response cis element in the promoter region of the CYP71A11 gene.(2) Rice CYP72A18 cDNA was cloned and expressed in yeast. Yeast microsomes containing CYP72A11 enzyme metabolized the herbicide pelargonic acid. Thus, CYP72A11 was found to catalyze ω-1 hydroxylation of the herbicide pelargonic acid.(3) The Lolium biotype WLR2 showing multiple herbicide cross-resistance specifically expressed CYP71R4 gene. Then, CYP71R4 cDNA was cloned and expressed in yeast. Yeast microsomes containing CYP71R4 enzyme metabolized the herbicide chlorotoluron. Thus, CYP71R4 was found to be involved in herbicide cross-resistance. Less