Evaluation of thermal performance of environmentally friendly residential house built in Indonesia and proposal of new passive techniques

随着全球气候变暖和资源能源枯竭的日益关注，以节能和减轻环境负荷为目标的被动式建筑应运而生。本研究的目的是：测量室内和室外热环境，分析室内环境，以调查当地气候条件的影响和引入被动方法的效果，并对热方面进行综合评价，以印度尼西亚泗水的实验房和马来西亚槟城的殖民风格宾馆为例。此外，通过利用这些结果，研究了改进被动方法的策略，并提出了一种利用当地气候和新型环保房屋的新技术。对泗水实验住宅和槟城殖民风格宾馆的测量结果进行了分析。即分析室内温度和湿度、包括太阳辐射在内的辐射传热以及房屋内和周围的空气流动。通过对计算结果和实测结果的比较，验证了仿真模型的有效性。利用该模拟程序，研究了入射和反射太阳辐射对室内热环境的影响，遮阳对遮阳和通风效率的影响，以及环境条件对室内热环境的影响。考虑开口的开启或关闭，评价了冷却水循环的冷却效果，并确定了开口的最佳控制。在进行这些研究的同时，对泗水现有的独立住宅和公寓住宅的室内热环境进行了测量和分析。对空调的使用情况进行了调查。

Since great concern is being paid to global warming and resource/energy exhaustion in these days, passive buildings aiming at energy saving and reduction in environmental load are highly required. The objectives of this research are; to measure indoor and outdoor thermal environment and analyze the indoor environment in order to investigate the influences of the local climate conditions and the effect of the introduced passive methods, and to make an integrated evaluation on thermal aspect, regarding an experimental house built in Surabaya, Indonesia and a colonial style guest house in Penang, Malaysia. Furthermore, by making use of these results, strategy for improving passive methods is searched, and a new technique which makes use of the local climates and a new environmentally friendly house are proposed.The measured results on the experimental house in Surabaya and the colonial style guest house in Penang were analyzed. That is, the indoor temperature and humidity, radiation heat transfer including solar radiation and the air flow in and around the house were analyzed. By comparing the calculated and measured results, the validity of the simulation model was confirmed. By making use of this simulation program, the influences of the incident and reflected solar radiations on the indoor thermal environment, the effect of the shading on the shading and ventilation efficiencies, and the influence of the ambient environmental conditions on indoor thermal environment were examined. The cooling effect by the circulation of the cooled floor water was evaluated considering the open or close of the openings, and the optimum control of the openings was determined.Along with these studies, the indoor thermal environment of the existing detached and apartment residential houses in Surabaya were measured and analyzed. The usage of the air-conditioners was surveyed.