Prediction of movement, reaction and accumulation of multi-component medium in porous building material

针对全球环境、能源和资源问题，建筑领域强烈要求建筑材料和构件具有更长的使用寿命和耐久性。由于大多数建筑材料都是多孔的，因此以适当的精度预测和评价多孔材料中水分和其他扩散物质的运动和积累对提高其耐久性非常重要。本研究的目的是阐明多组分、多相介质在多孔建筑材料中的存在、传递和反应，提出一个简化的模型，并开发扩散率和潜在关系的测量仪器。通过酸雨（溶液）的入渗和CO2气体在混凝土试样中的扩散试验，研究了酸雨（溶液）中和的位置和程度。在此基础上，澄清了气体扩散和液体渗透在中和速率上的差异。结果表明，不同垂直位置试样的透水性有显著差异。从裂纹的传湿传质对中和作用有重要影响的角度出发，分析了裂纹对中和效果的影响，同时也受外界气候的影响。设计并制作了一种用于人工干扰的伽马射线含水率测量仪。根据测量结果，研究了测量实践中的几个问题，并对测量误差进行了澄清。提出了一种用化学反应描述多孔材料中多组分扩散过程的新理论方法。在此基础上，提出了一种估计多组分介质平衡关系的简化方法，并对其有效性进行了验证。特别研究了极薄材料（如服装）的多孔结构和水分传递过程，以及盐溶液引起的势关系变化对蒸发过程的影响。少

Regarding global environmental, energy and resource problems, longer life and durability of building materials and elements are strongly required in the field of architecture. Since most of the building materials are porous, the prediction and evaluation of movement and accumulation of the moisture and other diffusing substances in porous materials with a suitable precision are very important for an improvement of their durability. The objectives of this research are, to clarify how multi-component, multi-phase media exist, transfer and react in a porous building material, to propose a simplified model, and to develop measuring apparatuses of diffusivity and potential relationships.Experiments on infiltration of acid rain (solution) and diffusion of CO2 gas into concrete sample were carried out in order to investigate the position and degree of neutralization. Based on the results, difference in neutralization rates between gas diffusion and liquid infiltration was clarified. It was al … More so shown that water permeability is significantly different depending on the vertical positions of the test sample.From a viewpoint that the moisture and mass transfer through cracks have a significant influence on neutralization, and it is also affected by the external climates, the influence that the cracks have on the results was examined analytically.A gamma-ray apparatus for man-distractive moisture content measurement was designed and produced. Based on the measured results, several issues related to measurement practice were examined and measurement errors were clarified. A new theoretical approach was proposed which describes the diffusion process of multi-components in a porous material with chemical reactions. Furthermore, a simplified -method for estimating equilibrium relationships of multi-component media was proposed and its validity was examined. In particular, porous structure of and moisture transfer process in a very thin material such as clothing was studied, and an influence that the change in potential relationships caused by salt solution has on the evaporation process. Less