Prediction of movement, reaction and accumulation of multi-component medium in porous building material

对于全球性的环境、能源和资源问题，建筑领域对建筑材料和构件的使用寿命和耐久性提出了更高的要求。由于建筑材料大多是多孔性的，对水分和其他扩散物质在多孔材料中的运动和积累进行适当精度的预测和评估对于提高其耐久性是非常重要的。本研究的目的是为了阐明多组分、多相介质在多孔建筑材料中的存在、传递和反应，提出一个简化的模型，并开发扩散系数和潜在关系的测量装置。为了研究中和的位置和程度，进行了酸雨(溶液)渗透和二氧化碳气体向混凝土样品扩散的实验。在此基础上，阐明了气体扩散和液体渗透的中和率差异。是Al…干的从裂缝中的水分和传质对中和作用有显著影响的观点出发，分析了裂缝对结果的影响。设计并制作了一种伽马射线人工水分测量装置。根据测量结果，检验了与测量实践相关的几个问题，并澄清了测量误差。提出了一种描述多组分在多孔材料中发生化学反应的扩散过程的新的理论方法。此外，还提出了一种估算多组分介质平衡关系的简化方法，并对其有效性进行了检验。特别研究了服装等超薄材料的多孔结构和水分传递过程，以及盐溶液引起的势能关系变化对蒸发过程的影响。较少

Regarding global environmental, energy and resource problems, longer life and durability of building materials and elements are strongly required in the field of architecture. Since most of the building materials are porous, the prediction and evaluation of movement and accumulation of the moisture and other diffusing substances in porous materials with a suitable precision are very important for an improvement of their durability. The objectives of this research are, to clarify how multi-component, multi-phase media exist, transfer and react in a porous building material, to propose a simplified model, and to develop measuring apparatuses of diffusivity and potential relationships.Experiments on infiltration of acid rain (solution) and diffusion of CO2 gas into concrete sample were carried out in order to investigate the position and degree of neutralization. Based on the results, difference in neutralization rates between gas diffusion and liquid infiltration was clarified. It was al … More so shown that water permeability is significantly different depending on the vertical positions of the test sample.From a viewpoint that the moisture and mass transfer through cracks have a significant influence on neutralization, and it is also affected by the external climates, the influence that the cracks have on the results was examined analytically.A gamma-ray apparatus for man-distractive moisture content measurement was designed and produced. Based on the measured results, several issues related to measurement practice were examined and measurement errors were clarified. A new theoretical approach was proposed which describes the diffusion process of multi-components in a porous material with chemical reactions. Furthermore, a simplified -method for estimating equilibrium relationships of multi-component media was proposed and its validity was examined. In particular, porous structure of and moisture transfer process in a very thin material such as clothing was studied, and an influence that the change in potential relationships caused by salt solution has on the evaporation process. Less