Study of High-energy Cosmic Gamma Rays and Cosmic Rays in Tibet.

高能宇宙伽马射线和西藏宇宙线的研究。

• 批准号: 14340070
• 负责人: YUDA Toshinori
• 金额: $ 9.34万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo (2003-2004)Nagoya University (2002)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14340070/
• 关键词: Tibet; air shower array; knee energy region; emulsion chamber; burst detector; cosmic-ray acceleration; cosmic-ray anisotropy; supernova remnant; knee; 連動実験; コア検出器; 一次宇宙線; 高エネルギーガンマ線; 太陽の影; 太陽磁場; 空気シャワー; 空気シャワーアレイ; 活動的天体

We study high-energy cosmic gamma rays and cosmic rays with an air shower array (Tibet-II and Tibet-III) in Tibet as a joint research with China. The main research purpose is to study the origin and acceleration mechanism of high-energy cosmic rays by the observation of high-energy primary cosmic-ray energy spectrum and by observation/search of celestial high-energy cosmic gamma-ray point sourcesFrom 1996 to 1999, we set up 80 m^2 emulsion chambers and burst detectors at the center of Tibet-II and studied the energy spectrum of primary cosmic-ray protons in the knee energy region. We obtained the energy spectrum of protons above 10^<15> eV for the first time in the world, by analyzing the emulsion chamber data. The measured energy spectrum showed steepening of the spectral index in the power-law spectrum compared with that below 10^<14> eV, suggesting the acceleration scenario of cosmic rays in the shock wave in a supernova remnant. For this pupose, we developed an automatic analysis device of X-ray films based on a commercial image scanner which enabled us to process X-ray film data. We also did R&D studies of a burst detector array (1000 m^2) for selectively detecting heavy nuclei in the knee energy region, in cooperation with Tibet-III. Four test detectors with a plastic scintillator and optical fibers were setup and in operation in the Tibet-III.We also successfully observed the energy dependence of the apparent anisotropy in multi-TeV galactic cosmic-ray intensitiy due to the terrestrial orbital motion around the Sun for the first time in the world. We obtained a new result on the cosmic-ray anisotropy at the sidereal time frame as well.

作为与中国的联合研究，我们在西藏利用空气簇射阵列（Tibet-II和Tibet-III）研究高能宇宙伽马射线和宇宙线。主要研究目的是通过高能初级宇宙线能谱观测和天体高能宇宙伽马射线点源观测/搜索，研究高能宇宙线的起源和加速机制。1996年至1999年，我们在西藏二号中心架设了80 m^2乳化室和爆发探测器，对初级宇宙线能谱进行了研究。 膝盖能量区域的宇宙射线质子。通过对乳化室数据的分析，我们在国际上首次获得了10^<15>eV以上质子的能谱。测量的能谱显示，与低于10^14eV的谱指数相比，幂律谱中的谱指数变陡，这表明超新星遗迹中的冲击波中宇宙射线的加速情况。为此，我们开发了一种基于商用图像扫描仪的X射线胶片自动分析装置，使我们能够处理X射线胶片数据。我们还与Tibet-III合作进行了用于选择性检测膝能量区重核的爆发探测器阵列（1000 m^2）的研发研究。在西藏三号上安装并运行了四个带有塑料闪烁体和光纤的测试探测器。我们还在世界上首次成功观测到了由于地球绕日轨道运动引起的多TeV星系宇宙线强度表观各向异性的能量依赖性。我们还获得了恒星时间范围内宇宙射线各向异性的新结果。

项目成果

M.Amenomori et al.: "Observation of multi-TeV diffuse gamma rays from the Galactic plane with the Tibet air shower array"The Astrophysical Journal. 580・2. 887-895 (2002)

M. Amenomori 等人：“利用西藏空气簇射阵列观测银河平面的多 TeV 扩散伽马射线”《天体物理学杂志》580・2（2002 年）。

Automatic analysis of the emulsion chamber using the image scanner applied to the Tibet hybrid experiment

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2003.12.019
• 发表时间: 2004-05
• 期刊: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 影响因子: 1.4
• 作者: S. Ozawa;M. Shibata;Y. Katayose;I. Ohta;N. Hotta;T. Saito;X. Wang;T. Ouchi;J. Huang;H. Tsuchiya;J. Ren;S. L. Lu;N. Zhang;J. Li;Xueyao Zhang

Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala

• DOI: 10.1016/s0927-6505(02)00182-2
• 发表时间: 2003-03
• 期刊: Astroparticle Physics
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: J. Huang;N. Hotta;K. Kasahara;I. Ohta;S. Ozawa;T. Saito;M. Shibata;X. W. Xu;T. Yuda

Galactic anisotropy of 10 TeV cosmic-ray intensity observed by the Tibet air shower array

西藏空气簇射阵列观测到的10 TeV宇宙线强度的星系各向异性

• 期刊: Proceedings of the 28^<th> International Cosmic Ray Conference, Tsukuba, 2003 7
• 作者: C.Tanihata;T.Takahashi;J.Kataoka;GM.Madejski;Michio Hashimoto;M.Amenomori et al.
• 通讯作者: M.Amenomori et al.

M.Amenomori et al.: "Primary proton spectrum in the knee observed with the Tibet hybrid experiment"Proceedings of the 28th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Tsukuba, 2003. 1・1. 107-110 (2003)

M. Amenomori 等人：“通过西藏混合实验观察到的膝盖中的初级质子光谱”第 28 届国际宇宙射线会议记录，筑波，2003 年。1・1（2003 年）。