Development of high-energy particle astrophysics in Tibet

西藏高能粒子天体物理发展

• 批准号: 17403004
• 负责人: YUDA Toshinori
• 金额: $ 9.54万
• 依托单位: Kanagawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17403004/
• 关键词: Tibet; air-shower array; high energy gamma-ray; high-energy cosmic-ray; knee region; sun shadow; International Collaboration; China; ガンマ線天体; 国際研究者交流; 活動的天体; 宇宙線; 粒子線天体物理

The present air-shower array at Yangbajing in Tibet was completed in the late fall of 2003 and has then been successively operating to date. The array(Tibet-III) consists of about 800 scintillation counters, which are deployed at a grid of 7.5m spacing covering the area of 37000m^2. The trigger rate of air-shower events is set to about 1.7kHz and the arrival direction of each event can be estimated with an inaccuracy of less than 0.9 degrees in the energy region over 3 TeV. The main objectives are to search for high-energy gamma rays from active celestial objects and to study very high energy Galactic cosmic rays. These observations are very important to clarify the origin of cosmic rays and their acceleration mechanism.The main results obtained until now are as follows.1) The energy spectrum of all-particle cosmic rays has been observed in the wide energy range from 10^<14> to 10^<17> eV with a sharp knee at the energy around 4x1015 eV.2) The energy spectra of primary protons and heli … More ums are for the first time observed in the knee energy region.3) High energy gamma rays above about 3 TeV have been successfully observed from the Crab Nebula and active galactic nuclei such as Mrk421 and Mrk501. A long-term correlation between RV gamma-ray s and X-ray flares from XMM Newton satellite was observed to provide information about electron acceleration at the source.4) An energy dependence of the large-scale anisotropy of the Galactic cosmic rays has been for the first time observed and also significant anisotropy of multi-TeV cosmic rays is observed in the direction of Cygnus region.5) A variation of the sun shadow during the solar activity cycles was successively monitored with the air shower array, and we succeeded to get new information about the solar magnetic field.Last year we constructed a 100m^2 water-Cherenkov-type muon detector in the underground of the Tibet air shower array. The total area of muon detectors will be expanded up to about 10000m^2 in the very near future. This instrument with a wide field of view then becomes the most sensitive? gamma-ray detector at energies above several times 10 TeV in the world. It is expected that this experiment enables us to provide very important results on the acceleration of high energy cosmic rays, which is still unresolved. Less

间距5m，面积37000m^2。风淋事件的触发率设置为约1.7kHz，在3 TeV以上的能量区域内，每个事件的到达方向可以以小于0.9度的误差估计。主要目标是寻找来自活动天体的高能伽马射线，并研究高能银河系宇宙射线。这些观测结果对阐明宇宙射线的起源及其加速机制具有重要意义。目前得到的主要结果如下：(1)全粒子宇宙射线的能谱在10^<14> eV到10^<17> eV的宽能量范围内被观测到，能量在4 × 1015 eV左右有一个尖峰。2)首次在膝能区观测到更多质子的能谱。3)从蟹状星云和Mrk421和Mrk501等活动星系核中已经成功观测到约3tev以上的高能伽马射线。观测到RV伽玛射线s与XMM牛顿卫星x射线耀斑之间的长期相关性，以提供有关源处电子加速的信息。4)首次观测到银河系宇宙射线的大尺度各向异性的能量依赖性，并在天鹅座区方向观测到明显的多tev宇宙射线各向异性。5)利用风淋阵连续监测了太阳活动周期内太阳阴影的变化，获得了太阳磁场的新信息。在不久的将来，μ子探测器的总面积将扩大到约10000m^2。这种仪器具有广阔的视野，然后成为最敏感的？能量超过10 TeV数倍的伽玛射线探测器。这个实验有望使我们在高能宇宙射线的加速问题上提供非常重要的结果，这一问题至今仍未得到解决。少

项目成果

Large-Scale Sidereal Anisotropy of Galactic Cosmic-Ray Intensity Observed by the Tibet Air Shower Array

• DOI: 10.1086/431582
• 发表时间: 2005-05
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: M. Amenomori;S. Ayabe;S. Cui;Danzengluobu;L. Ding;X. Ding;C. Feng;Z. Feng;Xiang Gao;Q. Geng;H. Guo;H. He;M. He;K. Hibino;N. Hotta;Haibing Hu;H. Hu;J. Huang;Q. Huang;H. Jia;F. Kajino;K. Kasahara;Y. Katayose;C. Kato;K. Kawata;Labaciren;G. Le;J. Li;H. Lu;S. L. Lu;X. Meng;K. Mizutani;J. Mu;K. Munakata;A. Nagai;H. Nanjo;M. Nishizawa;M. Ohnishi;I. Ohta;H. Onuma;T. Ouchi;S. Ozawa;Jie Ren;T. Saito;M. Sakata;T. Sasaki;M. Shibata;A. Shiomi;T. Shirai;H. Sugimoto;M. Takita;Y. Tan;N. Tateyama;S. Torii;H. Tsuchiya;S. Udo;T. Utsugi;B. Wang;Hong Wang;X. Wang;Y. Wang;H. Wu;L. Xue;Y. Yamamoto;C. Yan;X. Yang;S. Yasue;Z. Ye;G. Yu;A. Yuan;T. Yuda;H. Zhang;J. Zhang;N. Zhang;X. Zhang;Yizhe Zhang;Yi. Zhang;Zhaxisangzhu;X. Zhou

Variations of sun shadow in the solar cycle 23 observed with the Tibet air shower array

西藏风淋室观测第23个太阳周期太阳影子的变化

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Advances in Space Research 38
• 作者: M. Amenomori;et. al.;M.Amenomori et al.;M.Amenomori et al.;M.Amenomori et al.
• 通讯作者: M.Amenomori et al.

Flux upper limits of diffuse TeV gamma rays from the Galactic plane using the effective area of the Tibet-II and -III arrays

• DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2005.08.049
• 发表时间: 2005-11
• 期刊: Advances in Space Research
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: T. T. A. C. M. Amenomori-T.;E. al.

Revised upper limits of the diffuse gamma rays from the Galactic plane with the Tibet-II and-III air shower arrays

修正了西藏二号和西藏三号空气簇射阵列来自银道面的弥散伽马射线的上限

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: M. Amenomori;et. al.;M.Amenomori et al.;M. Ohnishi;M. Takita;Y. Yamamoto
• 通讯作者: Y. Yamamoto

Primary proton and helium spectra at the knee energy region measured by the Tibet air shower array

西藏空气簇射阵列在膝部能量区测量的初级质子和氦能谱

• 发表时间: 2005
• 作者: M. Amenomori;et. al.;M.Amenomori et al.;M. Ohnishi;M. Takita;Y. Yamamoto;J. Huang
• 通讯作者: J. Huang