A Study on Active Knowledge Archive for Manufacturing Knowledge based on Virtual Manufacturing

为了设计和操作制造系统，许多决策是由设计师、工程师和工人做出的。因此，我们可以认为每个制造系统都是在许多专家的知识积累和应用的基础上实现的。现在，许多工业企业为了保持或提高制造能力，试图将这些知识保存下来，用于工厂的设计和运营。作者认为虚拟制造系统（VMS）可以用于知识的获取、存储和利用。对于制造知识的分类，提出了三种观点；实时性、机器可读性和任务现实性。选择过程中/以人为本/真实任务、过程中/以机器为本/实验任务和回顾/以机器为本/真实任务三个不同的类别作为主动知识档案，分别提出了面向虚拟制造系统的四视图记录方法、设计评审支持系统和知识标签方法。这些方法的实施是为了评估方法的有效性。特别是，虚拟制造系统VirtualWorks在功能上得到了增强，可以处理多个虚拟世界仿真来表示制造环境。引入虚拟世界情境标识符和知识标签的概念，将VirtualWorks中生成的虚拟世界与存储在XML数据库中的符号表示连接起来。与两家汽车行业公司合作，应用了基于VirtualWorks的原型系统。通过对零件装配单元的真实设备进行建模，我们构建了一个包含100多个实体的虚拟模型，并收集了大约50条ek记录。定性地说，利用虚拟模型来表示知识应用的信息是非常有效的。原型系统目前的功能水平无法实现主动知识档案的思想。作者的研究小组继续开发更实用的系统，可以应用于数据采集，存储，组织和利用的各个阶段。少

For designing and operating manufacturing systems, a number of decision-makings are done by designers, engineers, and workers. Thus, we can think that each manufacturing system is realized on the accumulation of knowledge application by many experts. Now, many industrial companies try to preserve such knowledge for factory design and operation in order to keep or improve the manufacturing ability. The authors had an idea that Virtual Manufacturing Systems (VMS) can be applied for knowledge acquisition/storage/utilization.For categorizing manufacturing knowledge, three viewpoints were introduced ; real-time, machine readability, and task reality. Three different categories, in-process/human-oriented/real task, in-process/machine-oriented/experimental task, and retrospective/machine-oriented/real task, were selected for active knowledge archives and the four view recording method, the design review support system, and the knowledge tag method for virtual manufacturing systems were newly … More developed respectively. These methods have been implemented for evaluating the effectiveness of the methods. Especially, the virtual manufacturing system, VirtualWorks, has been functionally enhanced to deal with multiple virtual world simulation for representing manufacturing contexts. The new concepts, virtual world situation identifier and knowledge tag, were introduced to connect the virtual world generated in VirtualWorks and symbolic representations stored in XML database.In cooperation with two companies of the automotive industry, the prototype system based on VirtualWorks was applied. Modeling the real facilities of a part assembly cell, we constructed a virtual model containing more than 100 entities and collected approximately 50 eK-records. Qualitatively, it was very effective to use a virtual model to present the information about knowledge application.The current functional level of the prototype system cannot realize the idea of the Active Knowledge Archive. The authors' research group continues to develop more practical system which can be applied for all phases of data acquisition, storage, organization, and utilization. Less