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「Synthesis, properties, structure and functions of fullerene nanowhiskers」Summary of research result

《富勒烯纳米晶须的合成、性质、结构与功能》研究成果综述

基本信息

批准号：
14350367
负责人：
MIYAZAWA Kunichi
金额：
$ 8.9万
依托单位：
National Research Institute for Materials Science
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The fullerene nanowhiskers discovered by Miyazawa et al. in 2001 can be synthesized from organic solutions of fullerenes and alcohols by using the liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation method. We have successfully synthesized the nanowhiskers of C60, C70 and C60-C70 by using toluene or m-xylene solutions of fullerenes and isopropyl alcohol. This result provides a very important method that can be extended to the synthesis of multicomponent fullerene nanowhiskers. We also showed that the fullerene nanowhiskers can be produced by using unpurified soot, which provides a low-cost synthetic method. We showed that iodine-added C60 whiskers had electrical resistivities much lower than that of undoped C60 nanowhiskers. The molecular distance along the growth axis of C60 whiskers showed almost the same lattice constant by heating in TEM, though the lattice constant perpendicular to the growth axis showed an elongation by the heating. This result indicates that a strong bonding force is operating along the whicker growth axis.The C60 nanowhiskers become insoluble to toluene by heating at temperature higher than 600℃. The C60 nanowhiskers showed a high electrical conductivity by heating at 900℃ and retained the linear morphology. The C60 nanowhiskers heat-treated at 900℃ showed a graphitic Raman spectra with low crystallinity. The C60NWs became tubular structures by heating at 600℃ under rotary pump vacuum. These tubular structures Were named "fullerene shell tubes". The fullerene shell tubes and nanowhiskers have potential applications in the field of fuel cells. Capsular needle-like crystals of C60 were obtained by using a platinum derivative of C60.The C60NWs could be flexibly bent, and also their surface could be grooved by using a SPM silicon tip.

Miyazawa等人在2001年发现的富勒烯纳米晶须可以通过液-液界面沉淀法从富勒烯和醇的有机溶液中合成。我们用富勒烯的甲苯或间二甲苯溶液和异丙醇溶液成功地合成了C60、C70和C60-C70的纳米晶须。这一结果提供了一个非常重要的方法，可以扩展到多组分富勒烯纳米晶须的合成。我们还表明，富勒烯纳米晶须可以通过使用未纯化的烟灰，这提供了一种低成本的合成方法。我们发现，碘添加的C60晶须具有比未掺杂的C60纳米晶须低得多的电导率。TEM观察发现，加热后C60晶须沿生长轴方向的分子间距沿着方向的晶格常数基本不变，但垂直于生长轴方向的晶格常数却有所延长。结果表明，在晶须生长轴上沿着方向存在一个很强的键合力，当温度高于600℃时，C60纳米晶须变得不溶于甲苯。在900℃加热时，C60纳米晶须表现出较高的导电性，并保持了线性的形貌。经900℃热处理后的C60纳米晶须的拉曼光谱呈石墨状，结晶度较低。在旋转泵抽真空条件下，C60纳米线在600℃下加热，形成管状结构。这些管状结构被称为“富勒烯壳管”。富勒烯壳管和纳米晶须在燃料电池领域具有潜在的应用前景。用C60的铂衍生物制备了C60的囊状针状晶体，C60纳米线可以弯曲，并且可以用SPM硅尖在其表面开槽。