MOLECULAR APPROACH ON THE DIFFERENCE OF INTERNAL REGULATION IN ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS BETWEEN CLIMACTERIC AND NONCLIMACTERIC FRUITS

跃变期与非跃变期果实乙烯生物合成内部调控差异的分子方法

• 批准号: 14360023
• 负责人: INABA Akitsugu
• 金额: $ 9.6万
• 依托单位: OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14360023/
• 关键词: Fruit ripening; Ethylene biosynthesis; MADS-box genes; Polygalacturonase; rin tomato; Tansgenic tomato; ポリガラクツロナーゼ; 細胞壁多糖類; 細胞壁構成成分

Differences of the internal feedback regulation in ethylene biosynthesis between climacteric and nonclimacteric fruits were investigated.Several MADS-box genes were cloned from banana and melon in climacteric fruits, and grape and cucumber in nonclimacteric fruits. Constitutive expression of these genes throughout growth and ripening was observed in both climacteric and nonclimacteric fruits.From these MADS-box genes, VvmadsRIN-like gene from grape berries was introduced into rin tomato, a mutant with non-ripening feature by break of LeMADS-RIN gene. VvmadsRIN-like complimented LeMADS-RIN and the transformed rin tomato fruit showed normal ripening phenomena. From wild-type tomatoes, a novel ethylene signaling gene, LeEIL4, was isolated.The softening characteristics and the role of ethylene in the softening process were investigated in three types of pear fruit. In climacteric fruit, ‘La France' softened dramaticall with ethylene production, while ‘Yali' showed no significant changes in flesh firmness and texture during ripening despite of large amount of ethylene production. ‘Nijisseiki', a nonclimacteric fruit, did not show detectable decrease in flesh firmness. These difference in fruit softening correlated well with endo-polygalacturonase gene expression. PC-PG1 and PC-PG2 were expressed in ‘La France' fruit during ripening, while, only PC-PG2 did in ‘Nijisseiki', and neither of PC-PG1 or PC-PG2 did in ‘Yali'.Alterations in cell wall polysaccharides during ripening were investigated using fig fruit. Even though quantitative and qualitative changes in cell wall polysaccharides occurred during fruit ripening, qualitative variations occurred in the pectic polymers but not in the hemicellulosic polymers.

为研究跃变型果实与非跃变型果实乙烯生物合成内反馈调控的差异，从跃变型果实的香蕉和甜瓜以及非跃变型果实的葡萄和黄瓜中克隆了MADS-box基因。从这些MADS-box基因中，将葡萄浆果中的VvmadsRIN-like基因导入番茄中，通过LeMADS-RIN基因的断裂，获得了一个不成熟的番茄突变体。VvmadsRIN类似物与LeMADS-RIN互补，转化的rin番茄果实表现出正常的成熟现象。从野生型番茄中克隆了一个新的乙烯信号基因LeEIL 4，并以3种梨果实为材料，研究了其软化特性及乙烯在软化过程中的作用。在跃变型果实中，‘法国’果实软化与乙烯的释放有关，而‘鸭梨’果实在成熟过程中，尽管乙烯的释放量很大，但果肉硬度和质地没有明显变化。非跃变型果实‘二色木’的果肉硬度没有明显下降。果实软化的这些差异与多聚半乳糖醛酸内切酶基因的表达密切相关。PC-PG 1和PC-PG 2在'La France'果实成熟过程中表达，而在'Nijisseiki'果实中只有PC-PG 2表达，在'Yali'果实中不表达。即使在果实成熟过程中细胞壁多糖发生了定量和定性的变化，果胶聚合物发生了质的变化，但在半纤维素聚合物中没有。

项目成果

Hiwasa K., Rose J.K.C., Nakano R., Inaba A., Kubo Y.: "Differential expression of seven α-expansin genes during growth and ripening of pear fruit"Physiologia Plantarum. 117・5. 564-572 (2003)

Hiwasa K.、Rose J.K.C.、Nakano R.、Inaba A.、Kubo Y.：“梨果实生长和成熟过程中七个α-扩展蛋白基因的差异表达”Physiologia Plantarum 117・5（2003）。

Hiwasa K., Rose J.K.C., Nakano R., Inaba A., Kubo Y.: "Differential expression of seven α-expansin genes during growth and ripening of pear fruit"Physiologia Plantarum. 117・1. 1-9 (2003)

Hiwasa K.，Rose J.K.C.，Nakano R.，Inaba A.，Kubo Y.：“梨果实生长和成熟过程中七个α-扩展蛋白基因的差异表达”Physiologia Plantarum 117・1（2003）。

Expression characteristics of seven members of the β-galactosidase gene family in ‘La France' pear (Pyrus communis L.) fruit during growth and their regulation by 1-methyl cyclonropene during postharvest ripening.

法国梨 (Pyrus communis L.) 果实生长过程中 β-半乳糖苷酶基因家族 7 个成员的表达特征及其采后成熟过程中 1-甲基环烯的调控。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Postharvest Biology and Technology 33・3
• 作者: Mwaniki M.W.;Mathooko F.M.;Matsuzaki M.;Hiwasa K.;Tateishi A.;Ushijima K.;Nakano R.;Inaba A.;Kubo Y.
• 通讯作者: Kubo Y.

Hiwasa K., Kinugasa Y., Amano S., Hashimoto A., Nakano R., Inaba A., Kubo Y.: "Ethylene is required for both the initiation and progression of softening in pear (Pyrus communis L.) fruit"Journal of Experimental Botany. 54・2. 771-779 (2003)

Hiwasa K.、Kinugasa Y.、Amano S.、Hashimoto A.、Nakano R.、Inaba A.、Kubo Y.：“梨 (Pyrus communis L.) 果实软化的开始和进展都需要乙烯”实验植物学杂志 54・2。

Expression characteristics of seven members of the β-galactosidase gene family in ‘La France' pear (Pyrus comnunis L.) fruit during growth and their regulation by 1-methylcyclopropene during postharvest ripening.

法国梨 (Pyrus comnunis L.) 果实生长过程中 β-半乳糖苷酶基因家族 7 个成员的表达特征及其采后成熟过程中 1-甲基环丙烯的调控。

• 期刊: Postharvest Biology and Technology (in press)
• 作者: Mwaniki M.W.;Mathooko F.M.;Matsuzaki M.;Hiwasa K.;Tateishi A.;Ushijima K.;Nakano R.;Inaba A.;Kubo Y.
• 通讯作者: Kubo Y.