Molecular mechanisms of adipocyte differentiation.

在脂肪细胞分化开始时的事件不是很清楚。使用减法，我们以前分离的102个基因，这些基因在小鼠3 T3-L1细胞的脂肪细胞分化的早期阶段表达。在这项研究中，我们对这些基因进行了表征。RGS 2和TCL/TC 10 βL在脂肪细胞分化的早期阶段均具有重要作用，可能与PPARγ通路有关.大约40个基因似乎是新基因，因为数据库中没有列出显著相似的基因。因此，我们分离了全长cDNA，命名为fad（factor for adipocyte differentiation）.小鼠和人fad 158均编码803个氨基酸，包含4个跨膜区和8个富含亮氨酸的重复基序。通过正、反义实验，我们发现fad 158对脂肪细胞分化有正向调节作用，尤其是在早期阶段.诱导后fad 24的表达迅速被诱导。FAD 24在细胞核中被发现， ...更多信息 尤其是在核斑点中。FAD 24可能作为转录和/或前体mRNA剪接的组分之一起作用，并正调控脂肪细胞分化.一个新的基因命名为fadl 04，其表达水平在脂肪形成的早期阶段迅速增加，被分离和鉴定。推测的fad 104氨基酸序列揭示了可能存在纤连蛋白III型结构域和跨膜结构域，并作为脂肪生成的正调控因子. Fad 123与SLC 39 A14相同，SLC 39 A14是LZT蛋白的成员，LZT蛋白是ZIP转运蛋白的亚家族之一。锌摄取实验表明，SLC 39 A14是一种锌转运蛋白，因此，我们新鉴定了在脂肪形成过程中被诱导的基因。一些基因在脂肪细胞分化中起着关键作用。然而，目前还不清楚这里获得的结果是否在体内保守。为了阐明这些要点，基因敲除小鼠的开发正在进行中。少

The events at the beginning of adipocyte differentiation are not well known. Using a subtraction method, we previously isolated 102 genes, which are expressed in the early stage of adipocyte differentiation of mouse 3T3-L1 cells. In this study, we characterized these genes.1. Both RGS2 and TCL/TC10βL have crucial roles in the early stage of adipocyte differentiation, probably linked to the PPARγ pathway.2. About forty genes seem to be a novel gene, since there is no significantly similar gene listed in databases. Therefore, we isolated the full-length cDNAs and named fad (factor for adipocyte differentiation).3. Both mouse and human fad158 encode 803 amino acids, and contain four transmembrane regions and eight leucine-rich repeat motifs. By sense and antisense experiments, we found that fad158 has the ability to regulate adipocyte differentiation positively, especially at an early stage.4. The expression of fad24 was rapidly induced after the induction. FAD24 was found in the nucleus, … More especially in nuclear speckles. There is a possibility that FAD24 functions as one of the components for the transcription and/or pre-mRNA splicing and positively regulates adipocyte differentiation.5. A novel gene named fadl04, whose expression level quickly increased in the early stage of adipogenesis, was isolated and characterized. The deduced amino acid sequence of fad104 has revealed the possible presence of a fibronectin type III domain and transmembrane domain, and functions as a positive regulator of adipogenesis.6. Fad123 is identical to SLC39A14, a member of the LZT proteins, one of the subfamilies of ZIP transporters. The zinc uptake assay revealed that SLC39A14 functions as a zinc transporter.Thus, we newly identified the genes, which were induced during adipogenesis. Some genes have crucial roles on adipocyte differentiation. However, it is unclear whether the results obtained here are conserved in vivo. To elucidate these important points, the development of knockout mice is now in progress. Less