a study on the life support system and the community in aged society with fewer children

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This study focuses on the following two aspects. The first aspect is : how eating habit for the elderly should be secured in local communities. A questionnaire survey was conducted for national community social welfare conferences which implement daily meal services for the elderly ; and as the exemplary cases, interviews with the councils of Tokyo and Kagoshima prefectures were done. In addition, the same services in Australia and Sweden were examined through the fieldwork as the overseas advanced examples. Based on the overall results, recommendations to provide the local daily meal services for the elderly can be made in terms of assessment, care-planning development, funding measures, menu development, relationship with volunteers, customer complaint management, and life safety confirmation. Also, they proposed that the daily meal services can be provided in local shopping arcades.The second aspect is : how welfare services and facilities for the elderly in need for care should be provided. The study hypothesis is : a living sphere can be in consistency with welfare facility and service distribution area in the idea of an area. A questionnaire survey was conducted for national communities to examine whether welfare facilities and services were provided for the elderly in need for care under the idea of an area. Among the national cases, several exemplary communities with the idea of an area were selected, and interviews with the managers of the welfare divisions were done. The overall results showed the actual conditions of Japanese welfare services with the idea of an area. Additionally, fieldwork in Sweden was done to examine how the idea of an area has been changed.