a study on the life support system and the community in aged society with fewer children

本研究主要从以下两个方面展开。第一个方面是：老年人的饮食习惯应该如何在当地社区得到保障。对为老年人提供日常膳食服务的全国社区社会福利会议进行了问卷调查，并对东京都和鹿儿岛县议会进行了访谈。此外，还通过实地考察考察了澳大利亚和瑞典的相同服务，作为海外先进范例。根据总体结果，可以从评估、护理规划制定、筹资措施、菜单制定、与志愿者的关系、客户投诉管理和生命安全确认等方面提出为当地老年人提供日常餐饮服务的建议。第二方面是如何为有需要照顾的长者提供福利服务和设施。研究假设是：一个生活圈与福利设施和服务分布区域在一个区域的概念上是一致的。对全国社区进行了问卷调查，以检查是否在一个地区的概念下为需要照顾的老年人提供了福利设施和服务。在全国案例中，选择了几个有区域理念的示范性社区，并对福利处的管理人员进行了访谈。总体结果显示了日本福利服务的实际情况与某一地区的想法。此外，还在瑞典进行了田野调查，以检查一个地区的概念是如何改变的。

This study focuses on the following two aspects. The first aspect is : how eating habit for the elderly should be secured in local communities. A questionnaire survey was conducted for national community social welfare conferences which implement daily meal services for the elderly ; and as the exemplary cases, interviews with the councils of Tokyo and Kagoshima prefectures were done. In addition, the same services in Australia and Sweden were examined through the fieldwork as the overseas advanced examples. Based on the overall results, recommendations to provide the local daily meal services for the elderly can be made in terms of assessment, care-planning development, funding measures, menu development, relationship with volunteers, customer complaint management, and life safety confirmation. Also, they proposed that the daily meal services can be provided in local shopping arcades.The second aspect is : how welfare services and facilities for the elderly in need for care should be provided. The study hypothesis is : a living sphere can be in consistency with welfare facility and service distribution area in the idea of an area. A questionnaire survey was conducted for national communities to examine whether welfare facilities and services were provided for the elderly in need for care under the idea of an area. Among the national cases, several exemplary communities with the idea of an area were selected, and interviews with the managers of the welfare divisions were done. The overall results showed the actual conditions of Japanese welfare services with the idea of an area. Additionally, fieldwork in Sweden was done to examine how the idea of an area has been changed.