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Study on the controlling factors to construct tidal flat ecosystem having similar characteristics to natural tidal flat.

构建与自然滩涂特征相似的滩涂生态系统控制因素研究

基本信息

批准号：
14380273
负责人：
OKADA Mitsumasa
金额：
$ 3.84万
依托单位：
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The objective of this study is to identify the controlling factors to tidal flat ecosystem having similar characteristics to natural tidal flat ecosystem. Specific conclusions derived from this study are as follows :(1)When the slope of the restored tidal flat was small and soil with high content of silt and bacterial population was used, constructed tidal flat similar to natural tidal flat was temporarily created. However, the slope of the tidal flat increased again and the silt content and bacterial population also decreased after two years of the restoration. It is suppose that if techniques for the maintenance and management like making a breakwater are not applied to the restored tidal flat, washout of tidal flat soil occurs gradually because of daily seawater flow even if a constructed tidal flat similar to the nature was created.(2)The silt and organic carbon contents in low- and high-submerged-breakwater zone were higher than those in the no-submerged-breakwater zone. The slope … More s, reduction zone and permeability of sediment in the submerged breakwater zones were almost the same as those in natural tidal flats at Hiroshima Bay(3)The total population density of macrobenthos in the low- and high-submerged-breakwater zone were about twice as high as that in the no-submerged-breakwater zone. The dominant macrobenthic species in the submerged breakwater zones were Ceratoneres erthraeenesis and Mediomastus sp., which are common in natural tidal flats at Hiroshima Bay.(4)Tidal flat sediments of silt content 5-40% (the silt source : dredging soil) were placed in tidal flat simulator. After one month, these tidal flat simulator were operated for 2 weeks under the same tide cycle (12h) and wave (5cm) condition. The silt content rate of each tidal flat was almost same.(5)The constructed tidal flat sediment (silt content 25%) using dredging soil as silt source and the natural tidal flat sediment (silt content rate 25%) were placed in the tidal flat simulator. It was clarify the effects of dredging soil to organic purification and macrobentos ecosystem on tidal flat. The dredging soil system for organic purification was decreased to about 1/2 the natural sediment system. However, the dredging soil was not decrease to he natural sediment system. Less

本研究的目的是找出与自然潮滩生态系统具有相似特征的潮滩生态系统的控制因子。具体结论如下：（1）当恢复潮滩的坡度较小，土壤中泥沙含量和细菌数量较高时，可暂时形成类似于天然潮滩的人工潮滩。但经过两年的恢复，潮滩的坡度又有所增加，泥沙含量和细菌数量也有所下降。据推测，如果不适用于维修和管理技术，如使防波堤的潮滩恢复，潮滩土壤的冲刷发生逐渐，因为每天的海水流量，即使是一个类似的自然建成的潮滩。（2）低潜堤区和高潜堤区的泥沙和有机碳含量均高于无潜堤区。边坡 ...更多信息（3）低、高潜堤区大型底栖动物的总密度比无潜堤区高约一倍。潜堤区大型底栖动物的优势种为角叉藻（Ceratoneres erthraeenesis）和中口鱼（Mediomastus sp.），在广岛湾的天然潮滩上很常见。（4）将含泥量为5-40%的潮滩沉积物（泥源为疏浚土）置于潮滩模拟器中。一个月后，在相同的潮汐周期（12小时）和波浪（5厘米）条件下，这些潮滩模拟器运行2周。各潮滩的含泥率基本相同。（5）将以疏浚土为泥源的人工潮滩沉积物（含泥率25%）和天然潮滩沉积物（含泥率25%）置于潮滩模拟器中。阐明了疏浚对潮滩土壤有机质净化和大型底栖生物生态系统的影响。疏浚土壤有机净化系统减少到天然沉积物系统的1/2左右。然而，疏浚土壤并没有减少到自然沉积系统。少