OPTIMIZATION OF REGIONAL ADVANCED DRINKING WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM BASED ON THE CHARACTERIZATION OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES

本研究旨在针对不同地区的水质特点，对含腐殖物质的饮用水深度处理工艺进行优化。通过活性炭吸附、改性天然材料吸附、氧化和生物处理等方法对水生腐殖物质进行了表征。具体结论如下：（1）Minaga水库腐殖物质具有疏水性、分子结构和大小特征。臭氧化后的生物处理减少疏水性有机物和增加非生物降解有机物。重复臭氧氧化/高级氧化-生物处理可以去除水中的腐殖物质。(2)以产自菲律宾的辣木种子为原料，研制出一种新型絮凝剂。该混凝剂净化工艺简单，性能与商品混凝剂相当。混凝是基于提取物中的网状结构物质。(3)在广岛的Minaga水库建造了一个中试工厂，采用常规饮用水处理系统，然后进行活性炭处理和臭氧氧化，并研究了水生腐殖物质的行为。水中低分子腐殖物质和钙降低了活性炭对微量有机物的吸附能力。然而，饱和需要5年以上，表明即使在生物活性炭中也能稳定去除。

This study was carried out to develop optimization procedure for advanced drinking water treatment system from raw water containing humic substances characteristic to regions. Aquatic humic substances were characterized based on adsorption to activated carbon, modified natural materials, oxidation, and biological treatment. Specific conclusions are as follows ;(1) Humic substances in Minaga Reservoir were characterized by hydrophobicity, molecular structure and size. Ozonation followed by biological treatment reduced hydrophobic organics and increased non-biodegradable organics. Repeated ozonation/advanced oxidation followed by biological treatment could remove humic substances in water.(2) New coagulant was developed from seeds of Moringa oleifera produced in Philippines. Simple purification procedure was developed and the coagulant showed similar performance as those in commercial ones. The coagulation was based on the net-structured substances in the extract.(3) A pilot plant with conventional drinking water treatment system followed by activated carbon treatment and ozonation was constructed in Minaga Reservoir, Hiroshima, and behavior of aquatic humic substances was studied. Low molecular aquatic humic substances and calcium in water reduced adsorption capacity of trace organic substances by activated carbon. However, it took more than 5 years for saturation indicating stable removal even in biological activated carbon.