Oral physiological analysis of dysphagia-relation of feeding posture and the masticatory movement-

吞咽困难的口腔生理分析-喂食姿势与咀嚼运动的关系-

• 批准号: 15390613
• 负责人: IIDA Seiji
• 金额: $ 5.38万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15390613/
• 关键词: dysphagia; mastication; jaw movement; masticatory performance; posture

This research was performed to clarify the influence of the masticatory head posture on the performance of mastication and to show the influence of the difficulty of mastication on occurrence of dysphagia.10 healthy young adult was recruited as the subjects and the masticatory movement was assessed by the muscle activity of both digastric and masseter muscles and the number of jaw movement, masticatory performance analyzed by gummy jelly procedure, and jaw movement analysis by mandibular kinesiograph(gnathohexagraph).The results were summarized as follow.The analysis of the number of jaw movements during freely mastication revealed the decreases of this movements according to the change of body posture toward supine position and the duration of mastication also decreased. This trend is more significantly observed in the condition of the feeding the foods with water. The performances of mastication using gummy jelly were decreased according to the changes of body posture toward the supine position. Analysis of jaw movements revealed the shortened time of each masticatory cycles in the supine position and the speed of crashing the foods also delayed in the supine position.Another analysis of the masticatory movement using systemic administration of Dopamine agonists in freely moving rats well showed the importance of palatal sensation for tongue movements.In conclusion, the changes of body during mastication causes the difficulty of jaw and tongue movements and the changes of them also produced by the location of the foods in oral cavity. These difficulty of mastication may be one of most considerable causes of dysphagia in elderly.

本研究以10名健康青年为研究对象，采用二腹肌、咬肌肌电活动度和下颌运动次数评价咀嚼运动，采用胶质凝胶法分析咀嚼运动，结果表明：自由咀嚼时下颌运动次数随体位向仰卧位的变化而减少，咀嚼持续时间也随之缩短;这种趋势在用水喂养食物的条件下更明显。随着体位向仰卧位的变化，咀嚼效能降低。下颌运动分析显示，仰卧位时每个咀嚼周期的时间缩短，咀嚼食物的速度也延迟。另一项使用多巴胺激动剂全身给药的自由运动大鼠咀嚼运动分析显示腭感觉对舌运动的重要性。总之，咀嚼过程中机体的变化引起颌舌运动的困难，而颌舌运动的困难又与食物在口腔中的位置有关。这些咀嚼困难可能是老年人吞咽困难的重要原因之一。