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Studies on the density and formation mechanism of the solid PSC particles in the Arctic stratosphere

北极平流层固体PSC颗粒密度及形成机制研究

基本信息

批准号：
15403010
负责人：
SHIBATA Takashi
金额：
$ 6.91万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15403010/
关键词：
PSC clouds lidar OPC arctic stratosphere

项目摘要

In the winter 2003/2004,the lidar observations were started at Ny-Aalesund in the end of December when the temperature in the Arctic stratosphere began to be lowered. We prepared the OPC for the balloon launching, and waited the good timing for the PSC observation. PSCs were not observed in this winter because the stratospheric temperature had not been lowered enough for the formation of PSCs from December through January. However, we observed layer of increased depolarization layer (layer of solid particles) in the altitude around 35 km from the beginning of December. The temperature at this altitude is higher than the evaporation temperature of the background sulfuric acid aerosols. The similar layer was also observed in the winter of 2000/2001. Although the origin of this layer were assumed to be as rocket exhausts or meteor smoke, etc., it has not been identified, yet. The radius of the solid particles was though to be relatively small, or about 0.05 μm. Since this kind of small particles are suggested to be potential nuclei of solid PSCs, the data were quite useful for this study.In the winter 2004/2005,we continued observation from the end of November through the beginning of January. The stratospheric temperature has been lowered lower than the PSC formation temperature since the end of December. We could get the data especially when the PSCs start to appear in the end of December by lidar and OPC. We are now examining the data.

在2003/2004年冬季，激光雷达观测于12月底在NY-Aalesund开始，当时北极平流层的温度开始下降。我们为气球发射准备了OPC，并等待了PSC观测的好时机。今年冬天没有观测到PSCs，因为从12月到1月，平流层温度没有降低到足以形成PSCs的程度。然而，从12月初开始，我们在大约35公里的高度观察到了增强的去极化层(固体颗粒层)。这个高度的温度高于本底硫酸气溶胶的蒸发温度。2000/2001年冬季亦有类似的层出现。虽然这一层的起源被认为是火箭尾气或流星烟雾等，但至今仍未确定。固体粒子的半径相对较小，约为0.05μm。由于这种小粒子被认为是固体PSCs的潜在核，因此这些数据对本研究非常有用。自12月底以来，平流层温度一直低于PSC形成温度。我们可以通过激光雷达和OPC获得数据，特别是当PSC在12月底开始出现的时候。我们现在正在检查这些数据。