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Developmental Study of Very High Resolution Micro-focus X-ray Computed Tomography for Use in Medicine to Enable Acquisition of Images of Soft Tissues.

用于医学获取软组织图像的极高分辨率微焦点 X 射线计算机断层扫描的发展研究。

基本信息

批准号：
11359004
负责人：
SHIBATA Takashi
金额：
$ 23.62万
依托单位：
Tokyo Women's Medical University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Very high resolution micro-focus X-ray computed tomography, so called micro-CT, for industrial use has 10^2〜10^3 times greater spatial resolution than medical CT, however, the contrast resolution of both is low and nearly the same, making it difficult to resolve soft tissues that have nearly the same X-ray absorption values. If this problem were overcoming it would enable micro-CT to be used in a broad range of medical studies, from anatomy to clinical investigations, for example. An attempt was therefore made to design and manufacture both the hard- and soft-ware of a micro-CT system for medical study by using X-ray detection system of an image intensifier having a Be-window as its area sensor, which is never employed for micro-CT, and a direct MOS image sensor as a line sensor with a 21-bit AD conversion system, a bit-depth never achieved in the past with the conventional 16-bits. The system also unique features, such as reducing X-ray exposure and a multi-axis stage to obtain option … More al sections of the specimen.We have tried using this system to obtain continuous sections and produce 3D-reconstruction images of anatomical specimens and medical specimens. Using anatomical specimens, we successfully visualized and analyzed the cranium of asymmetric conjugated twins, especially the inner, middle, and external ear portions, whose structure it was been impossible to know for over forty years because its complexity.All previous reports on arteries employing micro-CT were studies of casts obtained by using contrast medium, and there had never been a study of the tunica vasculosa itself. By using the amputated crus from a patient of oxalosis as a clinical specimen, however, the calcification and pathology of the tunica media of the peroneal and tibial artery caused by deposition of calcium oxalate crystals was identified for the first time. The arteries of patients with arteriosclerosis and diabetes have also been imaged. The arteries of patients with arteriosclerosis caused by diabetes have also been imaged. As an example of the medical applications of micro-CT, we demonstrate that micro-CT is useful in obtaining information on the calcified part of soft tissues, although it is difficult to obtain conventional histological sections of calcified arteries because of the loss of calcified parts because of their hardness and fragility or because of dissolution during processing.We also describe the meaning and technical improvements in micro-CT as a tool for X-ray imaging anatomy and as practical medical equipment for the future. Less

用于工业用途的非常高分辨率微焦点x射线计算机断层扫描，即micro-CT，其空间分辨率是医用CT的10^2 ~ 10^3倍，然而，两者的对比度分辨率很低且几乎相同，因此难以分辨具有几乎相同x射线吸收值的软组织。如果能克服这个问题，micro-CT就能广泛应用于医学研究，比如从解剖学到临床研究。因此，尝试设计和制造用于医学研究的微型ct系统的硬件和软件，通过使用微型ct从未使用过的具有be窗口的图像增强器的x射线检测系统作为其面积传感器，以及直接MOS图像传感器作为具有21位AD转换系统的线传感器，这是过去使用传统16位从未实现过的位深度。该系统还有独特的特点，如减少x射线曝光和多轴阶段，以获得更多的标本切片选择。我们已经尝试使用该系统获得解剖标本和医学标本的连续切片并生成3d重建图像。利用解剖标本，我们成功地观察和分析了非对称共轭双胞胎的头盖骨，特别是内耳、中耳和外耳部分，由于其结构的复杂性，四十多年来一直无法了解其结构。以往的微ct对动脉的研究都是通过造影剂获得的铸型，从未对血管膜本身进行过研究。然而，通过使用草酸钙晶体沉积引起的腓胫动脉中膜钙化和病理，首次发现了草酸钙晶体沉积引起的腓胫动脉中膜的钙化和病理。动脉硬化和糖尿病患者的动脉也被成像。糖尿病引起的动脉硬化患者的动脉也被成像。作为micro-CT医学应用的一个例子，我们证明了micro-CT在获取软组织钙化部分的信息方面是有用的，尽管很难获得钙化动脉的常规组织学切片，因为钙化部分由于其硬度和易碎性或由于处理过程中的溶解而丢失。我们还描述了微型ct作为x射线成像解剖工具和未来实用医疗设备的意义和技术改进。少