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Studies of the morphology and the hetelogeneous reactions of Arctic PSC over Spitsbergen

斯匹次卑尔根岛北极 PSC 的形态和异质反应研究

基本信息

批准号：
09041104
负责人：
SHIBATA Takashi
金额：
$ 26.11万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09041104/
关键词：
Arctic Stratosphere PSCs Lidar Spitsbergen Alaska ozone aerosols PSCs

项目摘要

Many PSC events were observed by the lidar observations at Ny-Aalesund, Svalbard (79゜N, 12゜W). The sandwich structure found in the vertical profile of PSC, which was frequently observed when the stratospheric temperature was lowered near the frost point, is very characteristic.The enhancement of PSC was observed when stratospheric temperature decreased near the frost point. The peak value of the backscattering ratio of the PSC is 5 to 8, and the depolarization ratio is near zero. The peaks of depolarization were found at the top and bottom sides of the PSC scattering layer. In other words, a liquid layer of PSC was between the solid layer (sandwich). The backscattering did not enhance at the depolarization peaks.The scattering and depolarization are inversely correlated in the sandwich structure for the vertical direction. This inverse correlation was observed not only in the sandwich structure, but also in the almost all the PSC events. There was few events when the scattering and depolarization were increased simultaneously.The numerical simulations of the lidar observations show some important suggestions for the microphysical processes of PSC. The simulations indicate that the parts of the characteristics of PSC can be explained by the ternary solution of H2SO4/HNO3/H2O. The observations were well simulated only when the number concentration of solid particles are between 10ィイD1-3ィエD1 and 10ィイD1-2ィエD1 /cc.

在斯瓦尔巴德群岛的Ny-Aalesund（北纬79度，西经12度）的激光雷达观测到了许多PSC事件。在平流层温度降低到冰点附近时，PSC垂直廓线上出现的“三明治”结构是非常典型的，当平流层温度降低到冰点附近时，PSC增强。PSC的后向散射比的峰值为5 ~ 8，退偏比接近于零。在PSC散射层的顶侧和底侧发现去极化峰。换句话说，PSC的液体层在固体层之间（夹层）。夹层结构中的后向散射在退偏峰处没有增强，散射和退偏在垂直方向上呈负相关。这种负相关不仅在三明治结构中观察到，而且在几乎所有的PSC事件中也观察到。激光雷达观测的数值模拟结果为PSC的微物理过程提供了一些重要的启示。模拟结果表明，PSC的部分特性可以用H_2SO_4/HNO_3/H_2O三元溶液来解释。只有当固体颗粒的数浓度在10 μ g/L D1-3 μ g/L D1和10 μ g/L D1-2 μ g/L D1 /cc之间时，观察结果才能很好地模拟。